Effects of a Bioprocessed Soybean Meal Ingredient on the Intestinal Microbiota of Hybrid Striped Bass, Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis

Abstract

The hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis) is a carnivorous species and a major product of US aquaculture. To reduce costs and improve resource sustainability, traditional ingredients used in fish diets are becoming more broadly replaced by plant-based products; however, plant meals can be problematic for carnivorous fish. Bioprocessing has improved nutritional quality and allowed higher inclusions in fish diets, but these could potentially affect other systems such as the gut microbiome. In this context, the effects of bioprocessed soybean meal on the intestinal bacterial composition in hybrid striped bass were investigated. Using high-throughput sequencing of amplicons targeting the V1–V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene, no significant difference in bacterial composition was observed between fish fed a control diet, and fish fed a diet with the base bioprocessed soybean meal. The prominent Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) in these samples was predicted to be a novel species affiliated to Peptostreptococcaceae. In contrast, the intestinal bacterial communities of fish fed bioprocessed soybean meal that had been further modified after fermentation exhibited lower alpha diversity (p < 0.05), as well as distinct and more varied composition patterns, with OTUs predicted to be strains of Lactococcus lactis, Plesiomonas shigelloides, or Ralstonia pickettii being the most dominant. Together, these results suggest that compounds in bioprocessed soybean meal can affect intestinal bacterial communities in hybrid striped bass.

Effect on Intermediary Metabolism and Digestive Parameters of the High Substitution of Fishmeal with Insect Meal in Sparus aurata Feed

“…For its part, W. confusa, which is also an antibacterial compound producer [76], has shown potential to positively impact fish growth performance, as well as stimulate the activity of some digestive enzymes [77]. Similarly, P. russelli has been associated with beneficial effects in terms of fish health and growth, especially regarding activities dealing with protein degradation [78], as elucidated in this paper.…”

Sinomenine Hydrochloride Ameliorates Fish Foodborne Enteritis via α7nAchR-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Effect Whilst Altering Microbiota Composition

“…Currently, foodborne intestinal inflammation is a major health and welfare issue in aquaculture. As fishmeal remains an important source of dietary protein in aquaculture diets, its increasing price and decreasing availability have given birth to a replacement of feed made from plant sources of dietary protein, such as soybean meal ( 1 ). The side effects resulting from plant-sourced proteins have occurred in many fish species, from carnivorous to herbivorous, such as salmon ( 2 ), grouper ( 3 ), zebrafish ( 4 , 5 ), and carp ( 6 ).…”

Probing into the impacts of endogenous and exogenous short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in fish health and growth

“…However, when fed several experimental dietary regimens, there were barely any modifications in the gut microbiota. On top of that, variations were observed in the bioprocessed soybean meal diet with different fractions in hybrid seabass (Fowler et al, 2021). In summary, while the generation of SCFAs is not the primary focus of this work, it is thought that adding soybeans alters the microbial makeup of fish guts, which may indirectly impact SCFA production.…”

“…The inclusion of soybean meal is indirectly related to SCFA production due to the modification of the intestinal microbiota of fish. Interestingly, it has been observed that the experimental diets with bioprocessed soybean meal by Aureobasidium pllulans included three different fractions: bioprocessed soybean meal after enzymatic treatment, and additionally rinsed or washed bioprocessed soybean meal yielded diverse operational taxonomical unit (OTUs) in which Lactococcus lactis typically used for carbohydrate fermentation found to be abundant in the gut environment (Fowler et al, 2021). This resulted in more excellent gut interactions and enhanced growth, promoting metabolite production such as SCFAs in hybrid sea bass (Fowler et al, 2021).…”