Effects of a Biocomplex Formed by Two Scaffold Biomaterials, Hydroxyapatite/Tricalcium Phosphate Ceramic and Fibrin Biopolymer, with Photobiomodulation, on Bone Repair

Abstract

There are several treatment methods available for bone repair, although the effectiveness becomes limited in cases of large defects. The objective of this pre-clinical protocol was to evaluate the grafting of hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic biomaterial (B; QualyBone BCP®, QualyLive, Amadora, Portugal) together with the heterologous fibrin biopolymer (FB; CEVAP/UNESP Botucatu, Brazil) and with photobiomodulation (PBM; Laserpulse®, Ibramed, Amparo, Brazil) in the repair process of bone defects. Fifty-six rats were randomly divided into four groups of seven animals each: the biomaterial group (G1/B), the biomaterial plus FB group (G2/BFB); the biomaterial plus PBM group (G3/B + PBM), and the biomaterial plus FB plus PBM group (G4/BFB + PBM). After anesthesia, a critical defect was performed in the center of the rats’ parietal bones, then filled and treated according to their respective groups. The rats were euthanized at 14 and 42 postoperative days. Histomorphologically, at 42 days, the G4/BFB + PBM group showed a more advanced maturation transition, with more organized and mature bone areas forming concentric lamellae. A birefringence analysis of collagen fibers also showed a more advanced degree of maturation for the G4/BFB + PBM group. In the comparison between the groups, in the two experimental periods (14 and 42 days), in relation to the percentage of formation of new bone tissue, a significant difference was found between all groups (G1/B (5.42 ± 1.12; 21.49 ± 4.74), G2/BFB (5.00 ± 0.94; 21.77 ± 2.83), G3/B + PBM (12.65 ± 1.78; 29.29 ± 2.93), and G4/BFB + PBM (12.65 ± 2.32; 31.38 ± 2.89)). It was concluded that the use of PBM with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) positively interfered in the repair process of bone defects previously filled with the biocomplex formed by the heterologous fibrin biopolymer associated with the synthetic ceramic of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate.

Human Enamel Fluorination Enhancement by Photodynamic Laser Treatment

“…The laser procedure was based on our previously established protocols [ 28 ]. They are in good agreement with the data in the literature [ 29 , 30 ].Our objective was to assess the effects of low-level laser therapy on fluoridation. We chose the bio-modulation mode of the diode laser (specific for gingival tissue) and explored the way it influences the fluoridation of hard dental tissues, when applied after the calcium fluoride forming agent.…”

Application of Fibrin Associated with Photobiomodulation as a Promising Strategy to Improve Regeneration in Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review

“…This bioproduct (HFS) is composed of a thrombin-like enzyme purified from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus snake and a cryoprecipitate rich in fibrinogen extracted from Bubalus bubalis buffaloes (produced by CEVAP/UNESP—Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals, Botucatu, Brazil). HFS has several advantages in its use, such as a fast production process, low cost, potential to act as a scaffold for stem cells [ 69 , 70 , 71 ] and biomaterials [ 50 , 72 ], and as a new drug delivery system [ 73 ]. Its indications are in medical, veterinary and dental practice, due to the possibility of personalized formulation and replacement of conventional sutures.…”

Tissue Bioengineering with Fibrin Scaffolds and Deproteinized Bone Matrix Associated or Not with the Transoperative Laser Photobiomodulation Protocol

“…Our team of researchers has used a laser photobiomodulation protocol in the bone defects repair process, which has achieved satisfactory and promising results [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. However, a new approach to treatment frequency has been required for future research due to greater convenience, and to the need to be financially viable, allowing for the use of this technique in clinical practice.…”