Effects of a 30 min nap opportunity on cognitive and short-duration high-intensity performances and mood states after a partial sleep deprivation night

Souissi, Makram; Souissi, Youssef; Bayoudh, Amel; Knechtle, Beat; Nikolaïdis, Pantelis Theodoros; Chtourou, Hamdi

doi:10.1080/02640414.2020.1793651

Cited by 25 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Yet to date, 17 studies have examined the effectiveness of daytime napping on athletes' perception of fatigue and/or recovery, alertness/sleepiness as well as the rate of perceived exertion (RPE). [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][40][41][42][43][45][46][47][48][49] Most of the existing studies provide evidence to support the opinion that following a mid-day nap athletes exhibit lower perception of fatigue, 33,42 lower tiredness, 41 better mood state, 33 lower stress 42 and anger or depression. 33,43 Accordingly, the existing studies agree that participants exhibit higher vigilance/alertness following napping, irrespective of the preceding nighttime sleep (ie, normal sleep or sleep deprivation).…”

Section: Perception Of Effort/fatigue and Cognitive Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, seven studies have investigated the effect of napping on endurance performance. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Six of the studies have shown important benefits on endurance performance following a mid-day nap (1-11%, Table 1) [30][31][32][33][34][35] ; yet these effects are observed mainly in sleep-deprived individuals. However, the total amount of sleep obtained during napping was objectively recorded in two of the studies.…”

Section: Endurance Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, napping opportunity has been shown to induce significant benefits on endurance performance post-nap. [29][30][31][32][33] For instance, a 30-min nap opportunity attenuated the reduction in endurance performance (3000-m run) resulted from a 51-h military sustained operation during which cadets were allowed to sleep for 5 h in total. 29 These findings have been corroborated by recent studies demonstrating that, following periods of insufficient sleep, a mid-day nap opportunity may enhance intermittent endurance performance.…”

Section: Endurance Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 These findings have been corroborated by recent studies demonstrating that, following periods of insufficient sleep, a mid-day nap opportunity may enhance intermittent endurance performance. [30][31][32][33] Of interest is the work by Souissi et al 33 who noted that a 30-min nap enhanced performance both in sleep-deprived (5 h; 22:00-03:00 a.m.) and nondeprived (8 h; 22:00-06:00 a.m.) individuals, despite the exercise-induced increase in blood lactate concentration was attenuated only in the sleep-deprived individuals. In line with this, two studies have also shown that, in nonsleep-deprived individuals, a 35-90 min nap increased the covered total distance during an intermittent endurance test.…”

Section: Endurance Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, 19 studies have investigated the effects of mid-day napping on anaerobic performance and strength of trained athletes or physically active individuals. [29][30][31][32][33][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Most of the studies reported significant improvements on sprinting ability, anaerobic performance and maximal strength after napping (1-11%, Table 1). In particular, 100% (10 out of 10 studies), 70% (7 out of 10 studies) and 67% (4 out of 6 studies) of the studies showed positive effects on sprinting ability, anaerobic performance and strength, respectively (Table 1).…”

Section: Anaerobic Performance and Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance – A narrative review

Botonis

Koutouvakis

Toubekis

2021

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Due to its physiological and psychological recuperative effects, sleep is an integral part of recovery for human beings and for athletes particularly. 1 Recent recommendations suggest that healthy adults should obtain 7-9 h, 2 while athletes should receive 9-10 h of total sleep to cope with the increased need for recovery. 3 However, research studies that have investigated the effects of nocturnal sleep quantity on athletic performance indicate that due to numerous constraints, athletes do not receive an adequate nighttime sleep. 4 The poor sleep quantity has been attributed to several reasons such as the training schedule and training load, light exposure, nervousness and mood disturbances as well as increases in physical and mental stress. [5][6][7] In addition to the inadequate quantity of sleep, many athletes present low sleep quality. 8,9 For instance, Knufinke et al. 9 showed that sleep efficiency of elite-level athletes was below 85% during 2 out of 7 nights, which is considered the upper limit of poor recovery. 10

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Section: Perception Of Effort/fatigue and Cognitive Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Endurance Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Endurance Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Endurance Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anaerobic Performance and Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance – A narrative review

Botonis

Koutouvakis

Toubekis

2021

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Effects of Acute Sleep Loss on Physical Performance: A Systematic and Meta-Analytical Review

et al. 2022

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Background Sleep loss may influence subsequent physical performance. Quantifying the impact of sleep loss on physical performance is critical for individuals involved in athletic pursuits. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Search and Inclusion Studies were identified via the Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO online databases. Investigations measuring exercise performance under ‘control’ (i.e., normal sleep, > 6 h in any 24 h period) and ‘intervention’ (i.e., sleep loss, ≤ 6 h sleep in any 24 h period) conditions were included. Performance tasks were classified into different exercise categories (anaerobic power, speed/power endurance, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), strength, endurance, strength-endurance, and skill). Multi-level random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regression analyses were conducted, including subgroup analyses to explore the influence of sleep-loss protocol (e.g., deprivation, restriction, early [delayed sleep onset] and late restriction [earlier than normal waking]), time of day the exercise task was performed (AM vs. PM) and body limb strength (upper vs. lower body). Results Overall, 227 outcome measures (anaerobic power: n = 58; speed/power endurance: n = 32; HIIE: n = 27; strength: n = 66; endurance: n = 22; strength-endurance: n = 9; skill: n = 13) derived from 69 publications were included. Results indicated a negative impact of sleep loss on the percentage change (%Δ) in exercise performance (n = 959 [89%] male; mean %Δ = − 7.56%, 95% CI − 11.9 to − 3.13, p = 0.001, I2 = 98.1%). Effects were significant for all exercise categories. Subgroup analyses indicated that the pattern of sleep loss (i.e., deprivation, early and late restriction) preceding exercise is an important factor, with consistent negative effects only observed with deprivation and late-restriction protocols. A significant positive relationship was observed between time awake prior to the exercise task and %Δ in performance for both deprivation and late-restriction protocols (~ 0.4% decrease for every hour awake prior to exercise). The negative effects of sleep loss on different exercise tasks performed in the PM were consistent, while tasks performed in the AM were largely unaffected. Conclusions Sleep loss appears to have a negative impact on exercise performance. If sleep loss is anticipated and unavoidable, individuals should avoid situations that lead to experiencing deprivation or late restriction, and prioritise morning exercise in an effort to maintain performance.

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The Impact of Daytime Napping Following Normal Night-Time Sleep on Physical Performance: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression

Boukhris,

Trabelsi,

Suppiah

et al. 2023

Sports Med

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Background Daytime napping is used by athletes as a strategy to supplement night time sleep and aid physical performance. However, no meta-analytical overview regarding the impact of napping following a night of normal sleep (7–9 h) on physical performance is available. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of daytime napping following normal night-time sleep on physical performance in physically active individuals and athletes. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Seven electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, SCIELO, and EBSCOhost) were used to search for relevant studies that investigated the impact of daytime napping, following normal night-time sleep, on physical performance in physically active individuals and athletes, published in any language, and available before September 01, 2022. Studies that included assessments of any physical performance measures were included. QualSyst was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Results Of 18 selected articles, 15 were of strong quality and 3 were of moderate quality. Compared with no-nap conditions, physically active individuals and athletes who napped experienced an increase in highest distance (effect size [ES] 1.026; p < 0.001) and total distance (ES 0.737; p < 0.001), and a decrease in fatigue index (ES 0.839, p = 0.008) during the 5-m shuttle run test (5MSRT). However, napping yielded no effect on muscle force (ES 0.175; p = 0.267). No effect of napping was found in one study that measured sprint performance and in two studies that measured performance during the 30-s Wingate test. Two of three studies reported an increase in jump performance after napping. Two of three studies reported an increase in repeated sprints after napping. One study reported an increase in upper-body power performance after napping, and napping was beneficial for endurance performance in one of two studies. Conclusion Following normal sleep, napping is beneficial for the performance of the 5MSRT, with no significant effect on muscle force. No firm conclusions can be drawn regarding other physical performance measures due to the limited number of studies.

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Effects of a 30 min nap opportunity on cognitive and short-duration high-intensity performances and mood states after a partial sleep deprivation night

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance – A narrative review

The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance – A narrative review

Effects of Acute Sleep Loss on Physical Performance: A Systematic and Meta-Analytical Review

The Impact of Daytime Napping Following Normal Night-Time Sleep on Physical Performance: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression

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