Effects of 6-Shogaol on Glucose Uptake and Intestinal Barrier Integrity in Caco-2 Cells

Abstract

As the main bioactive component in dried ginger, 6-shogaol has potential hypoglycemic activity, but its mechanism is still unclear. The process of carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption is closely related to the enzymatic activity of epithelial brush cells, expression of glucose transporters, and permeability of intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, this study explored the hypoglycemic mechanism of 6-shogaol from the perspective of glucose uptake, absorption transport, and protection of intestinal barrier function. Based on molecular docking, the binding energy of 6-shogaol and α-glucosidase is −6.24 kcal/mol, showing a high binding affinity. Moreover, a-glucosidase enzymatic activity was reduced (−78.96%) when the 6-shogaol concentration was 500 µg/mL. After 6-shogaol intervention, the glucose uptake was reduced; the relative expression of glucose transporters GLUT2 and SGLT1 were down regulated; and tight junction proteins ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin were up regulated in differentiated Caco-2 cells. This study confirmed that 6-shogaol effectively inhibits the activity of α-glucosidase and has beneficial effects on glucose uptake, protection of intestinal barrier function, and promotion of intestinal material absorption.

Thermosensitive hydrogel with emodin-loaded triple-targeted nanoparticles for a rectal drug delivery system in the treatment of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis

“…Given that in vivo experiments are difficult to represent the process, therefore we validated it by establishing an in vitro model. Relevant studies have shown that the intestinal epithelial cell monolayer model established by Caco-2 cells has been widely used for drug uptake transporter studies [ 36 , 37 ]. Therefore, we inoculated Caco-2 cells in the upper chamber of Transwell plates and cultured them for 21 d to construct the intestinal epithelial monolayer cell model, and when the resistance was > 500 Ω/cm 2 , we inoculated RWPE-1 cells in the lower chamber.…”

Salidroside Ameliorates Furan-Induced Testicular Inflammation in Relation to the Gut-Testis Axis and Intestinal Apoptosis

“…31 To further verify our speculations, we analyzed the 16 S rDNA data. PICRUSt analysis has shown that some pathways contribute to the process of apoptosis (pertussis, 32 Type II diabetes mellitus, 33 pathogenic Escherichia coli infection, 34 and the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway 35 ) and intestinal tight junction (carbohydrate digestion and absorption 36 and pathogenic Escherichia coli infection 37 ).…”

Evaluation of Quality Parameters and Functional Activity of Ottobratica Extra Virgin Olive Oil Enriched with Zingiber officinale (Ginger) by Two Different Enrichment Processes during One-Year Storage

“…In GM, the typical trend of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol was not observed and there was an exponential increment of 6-gingerol during the 12 months of storage. For 6-shogaol, different studies have confirmed the in vivo and in vitro activity against lipid absorption [44]. However, for GI, the content of phenols from ginger remained constant throughout storage.…”