Effects of 5% sodium chloride ophthalmic ointment on thickness and morphology of the normal canine cornea

Samuel, M.; Thomasy, Sara M; Calderon, Allison S.; Kass, Philip H.; Collins, Keith; Murphy, Christopher J.

doi:10.1111/vop.12582

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…Progressive corneal edema develops over months to years and is monitored using pachymetry or optical coherence tomography . Topical and systemic anti‐inflammatory therapy and topical sodium chloride are frequently used to delay advancement of clinical signs, although clinical trials to determine effectiveness are required . The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the effects of an endothelial keratoplasty (EK) as a novel approach for the treatment of CED in a dog.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial keratoplasty for corneal endothelial dystrophy in a dog

Armour

Askew²,

Eghrari³

2019

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Objective To assess the efficacy of an endothelial keratoplasty procedure at defined intervals to 1 year postoperatively for the treatment of corneal endothelial dystrophy (CED) in a canine patient. Procedure A dog diagnosed with CED with progressive corneal edema underwent an endothelial keratoplasty. The patient was examined pre‐ and postoperatively with slit lamp biomicroscopy and ultrasonic pachymetry. Results Mean central corneal thickness (CCT) measured with pachymetry was >1400 μm preoperatively and decreased postoperatively to 725 μm. The transplanted donor tissue became transparent 2 weeks postoperatively and incorporated with the recipient cornea. The graft remained transparent throughout the duration of the postoperative period evaluated in this study (2 weeks postoperatively to 1 year). The canine patient was comfortable pre‐ and postoperatively. Conclusions Endothelial keratoplasty is a potential therapeutic option for canine cases with progressive corneal thickening due to CED. As this is a single case study, further investigation into the use of endothelial keratoplasty to treat CED is warranted. Moreover, canine patients with CED might serve as a surgical model for human patients with Fuchs’ Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial keratoplasty for corneal endothelial dystrophy in a dog

Armour

Askew²,

Eghrari³

2019

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…Após cirurgia, no pós operatório foi prescrito por via oral amoxicilina na dose de 22mg/kg, a cada 12 horas, por 10 dias, meloxicam na dose de 1mg/kg, a cada 24 horas, por 3 dias e por via oftálmica, colírio vigamox-a base de moxifloxacina a cada 6 horas, por 15 dias, além do colar protetor. As soluções oftálmicas hipertônicas de ação osmótica, como NaCl 5% , necessitam de aplicações constantes e frequentes e podem ser usadas no edema de córnea leve ou como coadjuvantes antes e após cirurgia (SAMUEL et al, 2019). Entretanto, a escolha cirúrgica do flap de gundersen como tratamento no relato de caso se deu pela característica progressiva do edema e do comportamento agressivo do animal.…”

Section: Relato De Casounclassified

“…A pomada de NaCl 5% se mostrou mais eficaz nos resultados a curto prazo, diminuindo em 12 micrômetros a espessura corneana em 7 a 9 dias de aplicação a cada 2 horas sem demonstrar toxicidade porém sem resposta satisfatória para controle de casos muito graves e com necessidade de aplicação várias vezes ao dia (SAMUEL et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Flap de gundersen para tratamento de edema corneano em cão: relato de caso / Gundersen flap to treat corneal edema: case report

Lima¹

2021

Braz. J. Hea. Rev.

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RESUMOO edema de córnea pode ser definido como a perda de transparência da córnea como resultado de excesso de fluido no epitélio e estroma sendo as principais causas: distrofia endotelial senil, danos endoteliais mecânicos, reações tóxicas, endotelite, úlceras superficiais e profundas e glaucoma. O resultado do edema de córnea é perda completa da visão ou déficit visual importante além de ulcerações dolorosas recorrentes. O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar o caso de um cão fêmea, adulto, sem raça definida (SRD), apresentando edema de córnea em quadrante nasal inferior do olho direito. O atendimento e procedimento ocorreram em uma clínica veterinária no estado de Minas Gerais, onde o tutor relatou uma possível inflamação no olho do animal e contato com adenovírus tipo dois, vírus da cinomose há cerca de um ano. Foi iniciado o exame físico pela médica veterinária com equipamentos oftalmológicos e constatou-se que animal apresentava região esbranquiçada com aumento de espessura local da córnea, característico do edema corneano sem demais alterações na córnea ou intraoculares. Animal foi observado e reavaliado em 30 dias, e o edema estava em expansão culminando em perda visual parcial e incomodo para o animal. Foi solicitado exames complementares como eletrocardiograma e exames hematológicos. Ambos dentro da normalidade. A paciente foi submetida a técnica microcirúrgica flap de gundersen como tratamento do edema de córnea e amenização dos sinais principais que envolvem perda visual e comumente, ulceração recorrente. O resultado se mostrou eficaz após 1 ano do procedimento mesmo sem aplicação de nenhum colírio coadjuvante no tratamento da doença a médio e longo prazo. Se mostrando uma técnica de importância na medicina veterinária para dar conforto e preservar a visão do animal.

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“…10 Short-term topical treatment with 5% NaCl has also been linked with decreased corneal thickness in normal dogs. 11 Although no signs of ocular toxicity have been associated with this treatment, ocular irritation and lacrimation occur. 1 More recently, encouraging results have been reported in a study using a topical rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor to determine the regenerative capacity of canine corneal endothelial cells in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In human patients, treatment options include penetrating keratoplasty, therapeutic soft contact lenses, 13 anterior stromal puncture with or without neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser therapy, 14 phototherapeutic keratectomy, 15 conjunctival flaps and amniotic membrane transplantation. 10,11,16 However, the only definitive treatment for endothelial dystrophy is replacement of the endothelial cells via a homologous corneal transplant. 17 More recently, the focus of the human ophthalmologists has been transplantation of the precise anatomical area of the affected cornea rather than penetrating keratoplasty (PK), where the whole cornea is replaced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modified technique of keratoleptynsis (“letter‐box”) for treatment of canine corneal edema associated with endothelial dysfunction

Giannikaki¹,

Escanilla²,

Sturgess³

et al. 2020

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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To describe a modified keratoleptynsis procedure, as a method of preserving central corneal function, and evaluate the outcome in vision, reduction of corneal thickness and treatment of epithelial corneal ulcers in cases with endothelial cell dysfunction. Methods: Forty-four dogs (72 eyes) were affected by progressive corneal edema, with or without ulcerative keratitis. All patients were treated with a dorsal and ventral superficial keratectomy followed by conjunctival flaps, maintaining a clear central cornea. Corneal thickness measurements were obtained via ultrasound biomicroscopy. Results: All eyes showed resolution of ocular discomfort postoperatively, with a median time to resolution of 35 days. Two years post-surgery, vision had been lost in 2 of 29 eyes (7%). From the initial population, 23 dogs (39 eyes) had follow-up evaluations of corneal thickness. The mean central corneal thickness was 1359 ± 251 μm prior to surgery. Thickening of the central cornea was observed one week after surgery to 1559 ± 263 μm. Decreased corneal thickness was reported, at 1 month, 4 months, 10 months and 2 years postoperatively (1285 ± 267 μm, 1102 ± 150 μm, 1121 ± 288 μm, 1193 ± 283 μm, respectively). All eyes showed a similar trend of increasing and then decreasing corneal thickness. Conclusions: This surgical technique provided statistically significant reduction in central corneal thickness and sustained relief of ocular pain. Reduction in corneal thickness appeared to be maintained 2 years post-surgery, and all patients remained comfortable. Superficial corneal pigmentation and fibrosis resulted in vision loss in two eyes.

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Effects of 5% sodium chloride ophthalmic ointment on thickness and morphology of the normal canine cornea

Abstract: Short-term topical treatment with 5% NaCl decreased corneal thickness in normal dogs with no observable changes in corneal morphology or signs of ocular toxicity.

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Endothelial keratoplasty for corneal endothelial dystrophy in a dog

Endothelial keratoplasty for corneal endothelial dystrophy in a dog

Flap de gundersen para tratamento de edema corneano em cão: relato de caso / Gundersen flap to treat corneal edema: case report

A modified technique of keratoleptynsis (“letter‐box”) for treatment of canine corneal edema associated with endothelial dysfunction

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