Effects of 4-methyl umbelliferyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside on chondrogenesis and proteoglycan synthesis in chick limb bud mesenchymal cell cultures.

Lohmander, L. Stefan; Hascall, Vincent C.; Caplan, Arnold I.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)86742-x

Cited by 113 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…When plated at high density, cartilage nodules appear by the fourth day in culture (1). By the eighth day, proteoglycan production peaks (21) and 50-60% of the cells display typical chondrocyte characteristics (24). In pilot studies of this model, we observed a similar tcmporal progression of chondrogenesis in agarose, although the percentage of cells that became chondrocytes was lowcr in our system.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effect of Compressive Loading on Chondrocyte Differentiation in Agarose Cultures of Chick Limb-Bud Cells

Elder¹,

Kimura²,

Soslowsky³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Effect of Compressive Loading on Chondrocyte Differentiation in Agarose Cultures of Chick Limb-Bud Cells

Elder¹,

Kimura²,

Soslowsky³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume

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“…The biosynthetic inhibition could be accounted for by synthesis of decreased numbers of proteoglycan molecules or molecules with fewer or shorter glycosaminoglycan chains. Such effects have been reported for fl-xyloside-treated chondrocytes, which synthesize proteoglycan with both fewer and shorter glycosaminoglycan chains (17). Further characterization of the proteoglycans synthesized by salivary rudiments in the presence of ~8-xyloside will be necessary to distinguish between these possibilitie s .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in embryonic mouse salivary glands: effects of beta-D-xyloside, an inhibitor of branching morphogenesis.

Thompson¹,

Spooner²

1983

The Journal of Cell Biology

100

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The proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans synthesized by embryonic mouse salivary glands during normal morphogenesis and in the presence of fl-xyloside, an inhibitor of branching morphogenesis, have been partially characterized. Control and p-nitrophenyl-fl-Dxyloside-treated salivary rudiments synthesize proteoglycans that are qualitatively similar, based on mobility on Sepharose CL-4B under dissociative conditions and glycosaminoglycan composition. However, fl-xyloside inhibits total proteoglycan-associated glycosaminoglycan synthesis by 50%, and also stimulates synthesis of large amounts of free chondroitin (dermatan) sulfate. This free glycosaminoglycan accounts for the threefold stimulation of total glycosaminoglycan synthesis in fl-xyloside-treated cultures. Several observations suggest that the disruption of proteoglycan synthesis rather than the presence of large amounts of free glycosaminoglycan is responsible for the inhibition of branching morphogenesis. (a) We have been unable to inhibit branching activity by adding large amounts of chondroitin (dermatan) sulfate, extracted from fl-xyloside-treated cultures, to the medium of salivary rudiments undergoing morphogenesis. (b) In the range of 0.1-0.4 mM fl-xyloside, the dose-dependent inhibition of branching morphogenesis is directly correlated with the inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis. The stimulation of free glycosaminoglycan synthesis is independent of dose in this range, since stimulation is maximal even at the lowest concentration used, 0.1 mM. The data strongly suggest that the inhibition of branching morphogenesis is caused by the disruption of proteoglycan synthesis in fl-xyloside-treated salivary glands.Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are required for the development of many diverse organ systems. The tissues are separated by an extraceUular matrix, suggesting that developmental events might be mediated by such extracellular macromolecules as collagens (7, 28), proteoglycans (12, 33), and glycoproteins (7, 32). Recently, attention has focused on the role of the extraceUular matrix and the basal lamina, a zone of extraceUular material having a characteristic ultrastructural organization, in tissue interactions.Development of the embryonic salivary gland provides a useful model system for studying the role of proteoglycans in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. The multilobular morphology of salivary glands is established by branching morphogenesis, repetitive budding, and folding of the epithelium. Although these shape changes are generated by forces within the epithelial cells themselves (29), interaction with the mesenchyme is required for branching morphogenesis. Indeed, the pattern of epithelial morphogenesis appears to be regulated by the mesenchyme (21). The two tissues are separated by a basal lamina that contains abundant glycosaminoglycan (5), presumably as proteoglycan. Integrity of the basal lamina is required for maintenance of lobular morphology of the salivary rudiments (1). Furthermore, turnover of basal laminar gly...

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“…It has been demonstrated by immunological techniques that in chondrocytes /3-D-Xyloside does not affect core protein synthesis (38). Other studies with chondrocytes have shown that/3-D-xyloside has only a slight effect on total protein synthesis as measured by [3H]serine incorporation (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis alters extracellular matrix deposition, proliferation, and cytoskeletal organization of rat aortic smooth muscle cells in culture.

Hamati

Britton

Carey

1989

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Abstract. Arterial proteoglycans have been implicated in several important physiological processes ranging from lipid metabolism to regulation of smooth muscle cell growth. Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells are the major producers of proteoglycans in the medial layer of blood vessels. To study functional consequences of alterations in VSM proteoglycan metabolism we used 4-methylumbelliferyl-~-D-xyloside to inhibit proteoglycan synthesis in primary and early passage cultures of rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Biochemical analysis of cultures labeled with 35SO, showed the drug inhibited synthesis of different classes of proteoglycans by 50 to 62 %. Inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis resulted in reduced accumulation of extracellular matrix, as shown by immunofluorescent staining with antibodies to chondroitin sulfate, fibronectin, thrombospondin, and laminin. There was also an inhibition of postconfluent (multilayered) growth of the smooth muscle cells, and a change in the morphology of the cells, with no apparent effect on subconfluent growth. In addition, in drug-treated cells there was a reduction in the number of cytoskeletal filaments that contained ot-actin, the actin subtype synthesized by differentiated VSM cells. This occurred even though the total content of c~-actin in the cells was not reduced. The effects of the inhibitor on growth and morphology could be reversed by switching the cultures to normal medium and could be prevented by growing the cells on preformed VSM extracellular matrix. These observations suggest the vascular extracellular matrix may play a role in regulating the growth and differentiation of smooth muscle cells.

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Effects of 4-methyl umbelliferyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside on chondrogenesis and proteoglycan synthesis in chick limb bud mesenchymal cell cultures.

Cited by 113 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of Compressive Loading on Chondrocyte Differentiation in Agarose Cultures of Chick Limb-Bud Cells

Effect of Compressive Loading on Chondrocyte Differentiation in Agarose Cultures of Chick Limb-Bud Cells

Proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in embryonic mouse salivary glands: effects of beta-D-xyloside, an inhibitor of branching morphogenesis.

Inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis alters extracellular matrix deposition, proliferation, and cytoskeletal organization of rat aortic smooth muscle cells in culture.

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