Effects of 3‐D clouds on atmospheric transmission of solar radiation: Cloud type dependencies inferred from A‐train satellite data

Ham, Seung-Hee; Kato, Seiji; Barker, Howard; Sun‐Mack, Sunny

doi:10.1002/2013jd020683

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…As a result the ISSCP-FD algorithm employs a correction for the effects of subgrid inhomogeneity based on the parameterization of Cairns et al (2000). The plane-parallel approximation has, however, been shown to be more accurate for deriving domain-averaged broadband radiative fluxes than for narrowband radiances on smaller spatial scales (Benner et al 2001;Ham et al 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Observed State of the Energy Budget in the Early Twenty-First Century

et al. 2015

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New objectively balanced observation-based reconstructions of global and continental energy budgets and their seasonal variability are presented that span the golden decade of Earth-observing satellites at the start of the twentyfirst century. In the absence of balance constraints, various combinations of modern flux datasets reveal that current estimates of net radiation into Earth's surface exceed corresponding turbulent heat fluxes by 13-24 W m 22. The largest imbalances occur over oceanic regions where the component algorithms operate independent of closure constraints. Recent uncertainty assessments suggest that these imbalances fall within anticipated error bounds for each dataset, but the systematic nature of required adjustments across different regions confirm the existence of biases in the component fluxes. To reintroduce energy and water cycle closure information lost in the development of independent flux datasets, a variational method is introduced that explicitly accounts for the relative accuracies in all component fluxes. Applying the technique to a 10-yr record of satellite observations yields new energy budget estimates that simultaneously satisfy all energy and water cycle balance constraints. , consistent with recent observations of changes in ocean heat content. Annual mean energy budgets and their seasonal cycles for each of seven continents and nine ocean basins are also presented.

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confidence: 99%

The Observed State of the Energy Budget in the Early Twenty-First Century

et al. 2015

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“…The pixels whose distances were within 500 km were counted in the statistics for overall consideration. Table 1 lists the means and SDs of CTH and CBH for the eight cloud types that were selected in this study [7,48]. In Table 1, since the CBH was equal to the CTH minus cloud thickness, the means of CBH were the means of CTH, minus the means of the cloud thickness in [48].…”

Section: Srm Hypothesis Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 lists the means and SDs of CTH and CBH for the eight cloud types that were selected in this study [7,48]. In Table 1, since the CBH was equal to the CTH minus cloud thickness, the means of CBH were the means of CTH, minus the means of the cloud thickness in [48]. The SDs of the CBH in Table 1 were the means of the SDs of the CBH from [7], and the SDs of the CBH were calculated by the SDs of the CTH and the cloud thickness from [48], using variance arithmetic property.…”

Section: Srm Hypothesis Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figure 6, for each recipient pixel (i, j), {i, j ∈ [−J, −1] ∪ [1, J]} in the passive sensor granule, the most matching donor pixel was searched along the track of active sensor, by calculating the control function in [28,33,48], as follows:…”

Section: Most Matching Donor Pixel Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To validate the proposed classification strategy, the classified results were compared with those that were obtained by ISCCP [21,24,25], as well as the CloudSat product 2B-CLDCLASS [7,40,43,48]. The comparisons have been given in Figure 13, where (a) was cloud-type classification result of the proposed strategy, (b) was obtained by the method of the ISCCP [21,24,25], and (c) showed the cloud types on the track from the CloudSat product 2B-CLDCLASS [7,40].…”

Section: Cloud Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloud Classification in Wide-Swath Passive Sensor Images Aided by Narrow-Swath Active Sensor Data

Wang

2018

Remote Sensing

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It is a challenge to distinguish between different cloud types because of the complexity and diversity of cloud coverage, which is a significant clutter source that impacts on target detection and identification from the images of space-based infrared sensors. In this paper, a novel strategy for cloud classification in wide-swath passive sensor images is developed, which is aided by narrow-swath active sensor data. The strategy consists of three steps, that is, the orbit registration, most matching donor pixel selection, and cloud type assignment for each recipient pixel. A new criterion for orbit registration is proposed so as to improve the matching accuracy. The most matching donor pixel is selected via the Euclidean distance and the square sum of the radiance relative differences between the recipient and the potential donor pixels. Each recipient pixel is then assigned a cloud type that corresponds to the most matching donor. The cloud classification of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images is performed with the aid of the data from Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR). The results are compared with the CloudSat product 2B-CLDCLASS, as well as those that are obtained using the method of the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP), which demonstrates the superior classification performance of the proposed strategy.

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A study on radiative transfer effects in 3‐D cloudy atmosphere using satellite data

et al. 2017

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This study evaluates 3‐D cloud effects on the radiation budget with a combined use of active sensor cloud profiling radar/CloudSat and imager Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer/Aqua data on the A‐train. An algorithm is devised for constructing 3‐D cloud fields based on satellite‐observed cloud information. The 3‐D cloud fields thus constructed are used to calculate the broadband solar and thermal radiative fluxes with a 3‐D radiative transfer code developed by the authors. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of cloud morphology on solar radiative transfer in cloudy atmosphere. For this purpose, 3‐D cloud fields are constructed with the new satellite‐based method, to which full 3D‐RT (radiative transfer) simulations are applied. The simulated 3‐D radiation fields are then used to examine and quantify errors of existing typical plane‐parallel approximations, i.e., Plane‐Parallel Approximation, Independent Pixel Approximation and Tilted Independent Pixel Approximation. Such 3D‐RT simulations also serve to address another objective of this study, i.e., to devise an accurate approximation and to characterize the observed specific 3D‐RT effects by the cloud morphology based on knowledge of idealized 3D‐RT effects. We introduce a modified approach based on an optimum value of diffusivity factor to better approximate the radiative fluxes for arbitrary solar zenith angle determined from the results of 3‐D radiative transfer simulations to redeem the overcorrections of these approximations for large solar zenith angles (SZAs). This new approach, called Slant path Independent Pixel Approximation, is found to be better than other approximations when SZA is large for some cloud cases. Based on the SZA dependence of the errors of these approximations relative to 3‐D computations, satellite‐observed real cloud cases are found to fall into either of three types of different morphologies, i.e., isolated cloud type, upper cloud‐roughened type and lower cloud‐roughened type. Such a classification offers a novel insight into error characteristics of the approximations that are interpreted in the context of specific cloud morphology.

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Effects of 3‐D clouds on atmospheric transmission of solar radiation: Cloud type dependencies inferred from A‐train satellite data

Cited by 23 publications

References 44 publications

The Observed State of the Energy Budget in the Early Twenty-First Century

The Observed State of the Energy Budget in the Early Twenty-First Century

Cloud Classification in Wide-Swath Passive Sensor Images Aided by Narrow-Swath Active Sensor Data

A study on radiative transfer effects in 3‐D cloudy atmosphere using satellite data

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