Effects of 25-hydroxy vitamin D on T lymphocyte subsets and sputum smear conversion during antituberculosis treatment

Yang, Haibo; Chen, Hongyu; Ma, YingLiang; Dong, Zhen; Ni, Mingde; Lin, Yuefu; Zhang, Laiyin; Zhou, Daohong; Zhang, Qinghua

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.04.056

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Some SNPT patients may progress to SPPT when the bacterial load increases to a detectable level in sputum smear microscopy ( Colebunders and Bastian, 2000 ; Sossen et al., 2023 ). Conversely, SPPT can also convert to SNPT after treatment ( Xu et al., 2016 ; Asemahagn, 2021 ), serving as an essential interim indicator of the effectiveness of the anti-TB treatment regimen and the reduction of infectivity ( Calderwood et al., 2021 ; Yang et al., 2022 ). This conversion process can be influenced by various factors such as disease severity, host’s immune status, and drug treatment effectiveness ( Wang et al., 2009 ; Lee et al., 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic analyses of smear-positive/negative tuberculosis patients uncover differential antigen-presenting cell activation and lipid metabolism

Ju,

Jin,

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern, ranking as the second most lethal infectious disease following COVID-19. Smear-Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis (SNPT) and Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (SPPT) are two common types of pulmonary tuberculosis characterized by distinct bacterial loads. To date, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the differences between SNPT and SPPT patients remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to utilize proteomics analysis for identifying specific protein signatures in the plasma of SPPT and SNPT patients and further elucidate the molecular mechanisms contributing to different disease pathogenesis.MethodsPlasma samples from 27 SPPT, 37 SNPT patients and 36 controls were collected and subjected to TMT-labeled quantitative proteomic analyses and targeted GC-MS-based lipidomic analysis. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was then performed to uncover enriched pathways and functionals of differentially expressed proteins.ResultsProteomic analysis uncovered differential protein expression profiles among the SPPT, SNPT, and Ctrl groups, demonstrating dysfunctional immune response and metabolism in both SPPT and SNPT patients. Both groups exhibited activated innate immune responses and inhibited fatty acid metabolism, but SPPT patients displayed stronger innate immune activation and lipid metabolic inhibition compared to SNPT patients. Notably, our analysis uncovered activated antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in SNPT patients but inhibited APCs in SPPT patients, suggesting their critical role in determining different bacterial loads/phenotypes in SNPT and SPPT. Furthermore, some specific proteins were detected to be involved in the APC activation/acquired immune response, providing some promising therapeutic targets for TB.ConclusionOur study provides valuable insights into the differential molecular mechanisms underlying SNPT and SPPT, reveals the critical role of antigen-presenting cell activation in SNPT for effectively clearing the majority of Mtb in bodies, and shows the possibility of APC activation as a novel TB treatment strategy.

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