Effects of 2 lipid emulsions (LCT versus MCT/LCT) on the fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipid: a double‐blind randomized trial

Abstract

Parenteral lipid emulsions modify fatty acid profiles in plasma phospholipids. MCT/LCT emulsions produce in phospholipids a fatty-acid profile that is closer to normality than that achieved with LCT emulsions. These changes in phospholipid fatty acids are suggestive of an inhibition of A-5-desaturase in patients who received LCT emulsions.

No Clinical or Biochemical Evidence for Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency in Home Patients Who Depend on Long‐Term Mixed Olive Oil– and Soybean Oil–Based Parenteral Nutrition

“…We found average relative concentrations of LA in the plasma PC of 14.7 percent in the patients and 24.7 percent in the controls, which is in line with previous reports, ranging from 11 to 24 percent in patients and from 22 to 30 percent in controls. 7,[10][11][12][13][14]16,17 The lower LA in plasma PC of HPN patients was compensated for by a higher average relative concentration of oleic acid (17.5 vs 10%). The different relative proportions of oleic acid and LA in plasma PC of patients and controls probably reflect the differences in relative supply of those two fatty acids in the TPN regimen (patients) compared with the diet (controls).…”

Metabolic effects of intravenous LCT or MCT/LCT lipid emulsions in preterm infants

“…Excessive availability of LA (C18:2n-6) or ALA (C18:3n-3) may inhibit desaturase activity, which would influence tracer distribution between precursor and product fatty acids at 24 h after tracer intake, when samples were obtained (41,42). Based on lower DHA (C22:6n-3) incorporation in plasma PLs in preterm infants fed formulae with MCT (43), it has been postulated that MCT might interfere with the conversion of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; C22:5n-3) to DHA (C22:6n-3), which involves peroxisomal chain shortening of a 24 carbon intermediate (44).…”

Replacement of long‐chain triglyceride with medium‐chain triglyceride/long‐chain triglyceride lipid emulsion in patients receiving long‐term parenteral nutrition: effects on essential fatty acid status and plasma vitamin K1 levels

“…Second, in the LCT period, we did not observe the essential fatty acid changes produced from a larger amount of LCT (1.2 to 2 g per kg per day; an increase in linoleic acid and a decrease in arachidonic acid) as described in other studies. 9,19,20 In these studies, with MCT/LCT lipid emulsion, the phospholipid fatty acid profile was closer to normal values, and the abnormalities of the -6 fatty acids (18:2n-6 increased and 20:4n-6 decreased) tended to be corrected, suggesting less impairment in conversion of C18 essential fatty acids into their upper derivatives. 9,20 These modifications observed with MCT/LCT lipid emulsion carrying a one-half amount of EFA were probably caused by the fact that large amounts of LCT lipid emulsion (1.2 to 2 g kg -1 per day) provide a very high proportion of linoleic acid (18:2n-6; 69.73 g for 100 g of total fatty acids).…”