Effects from supplementary feeding of bamboo powder in perinatal period on farrowing process, serum biochemical indexes, and fecal microbes of sows and offspring piglets

Abstract

IntroductionThis study was conducted to explore the effects of supplementary feeding of bamboo powder on the physical parameters of sows during the perinatal period of 7 days ± in parturition, including farrow duration, serum biochemical indexes, fecal physicochemical indexes, and microbial flora.MethodsThirty pregnant sows were randomly divided into three groups: the control group was fed a basal diet, TRE1 group and TRE2 group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 30 g d−1 and 60 g d−1 bamboo powder, respectively. Multiple parameters of sows and offspring piglets were determined.ResultsThe contents of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride of sows in TRE2 group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The contents of serum malondialdehyde of sows in TRE2 and TRE1 groups were significantly lower than that in control group. The water content of sow feces in TRE2 group was significantly higher than that in control group, and the pH values of sows in TRE2 and TRE1 groups were significantly higher than that in control group. The richness index (Chao) of sow fecal bacterial community in TRE2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the Ace and Sobs indexes tended to be lower than those of the control group. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota in the feces of sows in TRE2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group, while that of Fusobacteriota in the feces of suckling piglets in TRE2 group tended to be lower than that of the control group. At the genus level, among the Top10 dominant bacteria, the relative abundance of Tissierella in the feces of sows in TRE2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group while that of Fusobacterium in the feces of suckling piglets in TRE2 group tended to be lower than that of the control group. The relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Terrisporobacter, Turicibacter, and Tissierella in the feces of sows in TRE2 group was significantly lower than that of TRE1 group (p < 0.05), while Lactobacillus tended to be higher than that of TRE1 group (p < 0.10).DiscussionThe results suggested that supplementary feeding 60 g d−1 bamboo powder could increase the water content in the feces of sows, reduce the oxidative damage, and tend to reduce the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogenic Fusobacterium for suckling piglets, while it reduced the fecal microbial diversity of sows.

Bamboo fiber improves piglet growth performance by regulating the microbial composition of lactating sows and their offspring piglets

“…It was shown that serum total protein concentration increased significantly with the increase in dietary fiber supplementation level when adding citrus pulp, maize cob, and lucerne hay, which had a negative effect on production performance ( Bakare et al, 2016 ). Our previous study found that supplemental feeding of 30 g/day or 60 g/day bamboo powder in the diet of sows during the perinatal period had no significant effects on serum total protein and urea nitrogen of sows ( Dai et al, 2023 ), and similar results were obtained in this experiment. The above studies indicated that 2% BBF supplementation had no negative effects on the protein metabolism of sows during gestation and lactation.…”

“…Dietary fiber regulates serum fat metabolism. Our previous study showed that the serum triglyceride concentration and total cholesterol decreased significantly with the increase of bamboo powder from 0 g/day, 30 g/day, and 60 g/day in the diets of perinatal sows ( Dai et al, 2023 ). Another study in pregnant sows found that dietary supplementation with beet meal or bran significantly reduced serum total cholesterol in sows at 110 days of gestation ( Shang et al, 2021 ).…”

“…The experimental diet was formulated according to the NRC (2012) and GB/T 39235–2020 nutritional requirements of sows. The composition and nutritional levels of experimental diets are shown in Table 1 , and the additional level of bamboo fiber was referred to the reports of similar fiber sources ( Grześkowiak et al, 2022 ; Dai et al, 2023 ; Sun et al, 2023 ).…”

“…The intake of fermented bamboo fiber improved the immunity, inflammation, and intestinal microbiota of sows, which were closely related to sow performance ( Sun et al, 2023 ). Our previous research has found that micronized bamboo powder can reduce the amount of Escherichia coli in the feces of weaned piglets and improve growth performance ( Dai et al, 2021 ), improve cecal microbial composition and increase average daily gain in broilers ( Dai et al, 2022 ), increase the water content in the feces of sows, reduce the oxidative damage, and tend to reduce the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogenic Fusobacterium for suckling piglets with a supplement for perinatal sows ( Dai et al, 2023 ). This study was conducted to further study the effects of maternal bamboo fiber supplementation from day 105 of gestation to day 21 post-farrowing on the fecal microbial composition of lactating sows and their piglets on the 1st, 7th, and 21st days after delivery.…”

Corn straw-saccharification fiber improved the reproductive performance of sows in the late gestation and lactation via lipid metabolism

“…Dietary fiber is known to reduce fat accumulation and ameliorate obesity ( 44 ). The previous studies indicated that bamboo powder could reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the serum of sows ( 45 ), and sugar beet pulp and wheat bran could decrease serum cholesterol levels ( 46 ). This study showed that the addition of CSSF to sow diets reduced the levels of serum triglycerides, cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.…”