Effects from Exposures to Human Bioeffluents and Carbon Dioxide

Zhang, Xiaojing; Mishra, Asit Kumar; Wargocki, Paweł

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-5155-5_63-1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), this substance is probably a carcinogen for humans. It depends on exposure (inhalation, skin, and food), and the degree of exposure to these chemical effects will be somewhat different (Zhang et al, 2022). However, this agent in animals and humans causes oxidative stress, damage to the immune system, cell membrane damage, liver and kidney cancers, liver fibrosis, bladder cancer, altered liver enzyme activity, and infertility (Raftar et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of subacute co-exposure to carbon tetrachloride and diclofenac on the liver of male wistar rats

et al. 2023

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Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a potent liver toxin. Diclofenac (Dic), leading adverse effects on the liver, is used among the employees of the industries that use CCl4. The increased use of CCl4 and Dic in industrial workers has prompted us to investigate their synergistic effect on the liver using male Wistar rats as a model. Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups ( n = 6), and the exposure was by intraperitoneal injection for 14 days as follows. Group 1: Control, 2: Olive oil, 3: CCl4 (0.8 mL/kg/day (3 times per week)), 4: Normal saline, 5: Dic (1.5 mg/kg/day per day), 6: Olive oil with normal saline, 7: CCl4 (0.8 mL/kg/day (3 times per week)) and Dic (1.5 mg/kg/day daily). At the end of day 14, the heart blood was collected to measure the liver enzymes, alanine-aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate-aminotransferase (AST), blood alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), direct bilirubin, and total bilirubin. A pathologist examined the liver tissue. Prism software was used to analyze data using ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests. ALT, AST, ALP, and Total Bilirubin enzymes were increased significantly in the co-administered CCl4 and Dic group, while the ALB levels decreased ( p < 0.05). The histological findings reported liver necrosis, focal hemorrhage, adipose tissue change, and lymphocytic portal hepatitis. In conclusion, using Dic while exposed to CCl4 may exacerbate hepatotoxicity in rats. Therefore, it is suggested that more severe restrictions and safety regulations be placed on using CCl4 in the industry, and caution is advised to these industry workers to use Diclofenac.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of subacute co-exposure to carbon tetrachloride and diclofenac on the liver of male wistar rats

et al. 2023

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“…(15) and its use can only be appropriate as an indicator of IAQ when there are no other specific dominant pollutants (16). Furthermore, it should not be forgotten that it is not a pollutant unless it is present in very large concentrations, and the broader literature is not consistent as to how CO 2 impacts on building occupants´ related issues as cognitive performance (17,18). Recently, it has been used as a possible indicator to limit the spread of Covid-19 indoors (19,20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor air quality in naturally ventilated dwellings in Spain

Garcia-Ortega,

Linares-Alemparte

2023

infconstr

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This article presents the results of the exploratory study on indoor air quality in existing dwellings with traditional ventilation systems based on natural ventilation. A preliminary study of the most representative typology of the Spanish housing stock has been conducted and, based on it, twelve dwellings located in Madrid have been monitored in different periods. Monitored indoor air quality has been compared to that required in the regulations in Spain, the Código Técnico de la Edificación (Technical Building Code). According to the results of the research, 50 % of the monitored dwellings do not comply with the CO2-based air quality quantification offset in the regulations. Such non-compliance is primarily caused by high CO2 concentrations in winter, especially in bedrooms. These high concentrations and their seasonality are attributed to the interference of the occupant’s behaviour, influenced by weather conditions, that is affecting the efficiency of the existing natural ventilation systems.

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Effects from Exposures to Human Bioeffluents and Carbon Dioxide

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

The effect of subacute co-exposure to carbon tetrachloride and diclofenac on the liver of male wistar rats

The effect of subacute co-exposure to carbon tetrachloride and diclofenac on the liver of male wistar rats

Indoor air quality in naturally ventilated dwellings in Spain

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