Effects and Mechanisms of Exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Levels and Clinical Outcomes in People with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Kaagman, Daan G. M.; van Wegen, Erwin E. H.; Cignetti, Natalie; Rothermel, Emily; Vanbellingen, Tim; Hirsch, Mark A.

doi:10.3390/brainsci14030194

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Despite the intense research efforts in pharmacological, rehabilitative, and surgical fields, PD remains a chronic neurodegenerative disease, lacking a disease-modifying therapy. Systematic review and meta-analysis supported the efficacy of physical activity and exercise, reflecting a growing interest in the promotion of rehabilitation programs as a disease-modifying treatment for PD ( 18 , 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Therefore, several authors suggested that the neuroprotective effects of exercise in PD animal models were mediated by neurotrophic, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic factors ( 7 , 9 , 14 , 20–23 ). Indirect evidence supports the neuroprotective role of exercise also in people with PD, potentially involving changes in neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory factors ( 18 , 19 , 24 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Several animal studies ( 7–15 ) and human trials ( 16 , 17 ) suggested that aerobic exercise facilitates structural and functional changes in the CNS, potentially involving neuroprotective and neuroplasticity phenomena ( 18 , 19 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which included randomized and non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs and no-RCTs), revealed that a dose–response relationship between exercise and BDNF release needs to be further clarified ( 18 , 19 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dose–response effects of physical exercise standardized volume on peripheral biomarkers, clinical response, and brain connectivity in Parkinson’s disease: a prospective, observational, cohort study

Rotondo,

Padua,

Annino

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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BackgroundExercise has been proposed as the “Universal Prescription for Parkinson’s Disease”; however, the specificity of exercise dose in terms of frequency, intensity, duration, and type to be prescribed remains to be elucidated. The 2018 US updated guidelines and WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior recommend older adults (> 65+ years) to achieve weekly minimal activity levels, indicating the intensity of aerobic exercise as the metabolic equivalent of task and duration as minutes/week (150–300 min/week at a moderate intensity of 3–5.9 MET- or 75–150 min/week of a vigorous intensity of ≥6 MET). Translating these recommendations to PD patients, the study aimed to assess the dose–response effects of standardized volume of structured exercise, measured as METs-minutes/week (weekly energy expenditure) of two different rehabilitation settings to quantify the change in neurotrophic factors. The exercise-induced benefits between the two rehabilitation settings will be evaluated based on motor and non-motor symptoms, kinematic parameters of gait, cognitive function, quality of life, and cortical activity and brain connectivity.MethodsMETEX-PD is a pilot, prospective, observational, cohort study. The study will enroll consecutively thirty (N = 30) participants with mild-to-moderate Parkinson’s disease diagnosis to be assigned to a non-intensive or intensive rehabilitation group. The non-intensive rehabilitation group will achieve a range of 180–270 METs-min/week (90 min/week of low-intensity aerobic exercise, 2–3 METs), while the intensive rehabilitation group will exercise at 1350–1980 METs-min/week (225 min/week of high-intensity aerobic exercise, 6–8.8 METs). The METEX-PD trial will last 12 weeks, including 4 weeks of aerobic training program and two follow-ups. Assessments will be performed at baseline (T0), at the end of the exercise program (T1—end of the program), and 4- and 8 weeks after the end of the training program (FU-1 and FU-2). The primary outcome is the change from baseline in peripheral blood BDNF levels. Secondary outcomes are differences in peripheral biomarkers, functional-motor assessments, clinical-functional evaluations, and brain imaging.ConclusionMETEX-PD trial will enable us to estimate the change in BDNF levels and other peripheral biomarkers under precise exercise-induced energy expenditure. The primary results of the METEX-PD study will allow the development of a larger multicenter randomized controlled trial to investigate the molecular pathways inducing the change in selected neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF, IGF-1, or irisin, and the downstream mechanisms of neuroplasticity in PD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dose–response effects of physical exercise standardized volume on peripheral biomarkers, clinical response, and brain connectivity in Parkinson’s disease: a prospective, observational, cohort study

Rotondo,

Padua,

Annino

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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“…Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key protein involved in neuroplasticity events after exercise ( Kaagman et al, 2024 ). BDNF is a widely studied neurotrophic factor that plays an important regulatory role in neuronal function and brain health ( Jaberi and Fahnestock, 2023 ).…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Exercise-induced Neuroplasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-induced neuroplasticity: a new perspective on rehabilitation for chronic low back pain

Zou,

Hao

2024

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Chronic low back pain patients often experience recurrent episodes due to various peripheral and central factors, leading to physical and mental impairments, affecting their daily life and work, and increasing the healthcare burden. With the continuous advancement of neuropathological research, changes in brain structure and function in chronic low back pain patients have been revealed. Neuroplasticity is an important mechanism of self-regulation in the brain and plays a key role in neural injury repair. Targeting neuroplasticity and regulating the central nervous system to improve functional impairments has become a research focus in rehabilitation medicine. Recent studies have shown that exercise can have beneficial effects on the body, such as improving cognition, combating depression, and enhancing athletic performance. Exercise-induced neuroplasticity may be a potential mechanism through which exercise affects the brain. This article systematically introduces the theory of exercise-induced neuroplasticity, explores the central effects mechanism of exercise on patients with chronic low back pain, and further looks forward to new directions in targeted neuroplasticity-based rehabilitation treatment for chronic low back pain.

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Neuroplasticity in Parkinson’s disease

Popescu,

Batzu,

Ruiz

et al. 2024

J Neural Transm

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder, affecting millions of people and rapidly increasing over the last decades. Even though there is no intervention yet to stop the neurodegenerative pathology, many efficient treatment methods are available, including for patients with advanced PD. Neuroplasticity is a fundamental property of the human brain to adapt both to external changes and internal insults and pathological processes. In this paper we examine the current knowledge and concepts concerning changes at network level, cellular level and molecular level as parts of the neuroplastic response to protein aggregation pathology, synapse loss and neuronal loss in PD. We analyse the beneficial, compensatory effects, such as augmentation of nigral neurons efficacy, as well as negative, maladaptive effects, such as levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Effects of physical activity and different treatments on neuroplasticity are considered and the opportunity of biomarkers identification and use is discussed.

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Effects and Mechanisms of Exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Levels and Clinical Outcomes in People with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 93 publications

Dose–response effects of physical exercise standardized volume on peripheral biomarkers, clinical response, and brain connectivity in Parkinson’s disease: a prospective, observational, cohort study

Dose–response effects of physical exercise standardized volume on peripheral biomarkers, clinical response, and brain connectivity in Parkinson’s disease: a prospective, observational, cohort study

Exercise-induced neuroplasticity: a new perspective on rehabilitation for chronic low back pain

Neuroplasticity in Parkinson’s disease

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