Effects and influencing factors on hemorheological variables taken into consideration in surgical pathophysiology research

Abstract

In surgical pathophysiology ischemia-reperfusion, inflammatory processes, sepsis, vascular interventions, tissue trauma, shock, all mean conditions in which hemorheological parameters show alterations. Despite of numerous clinical and experimental studies, the in vivo hemorheology is not completely understood yet, and several fundamental questions still need to be answered. Investigating these issues, experimental surgical models are important, in point of view of the translational research as well. In this paper we aimed to make an attempt on summarizing the possible factors and conditions that might have an effect on hemorheological results in experimental surgical studies. Hemorheological parameters show alterations in surgical pathophysiological processes in a complex way. However, the changes are dominantly non-specific. Standardized experimental conditions, related to the experimental animal (species, animal welfare) anesthesia-medications, operation, sampling and, if applicable, conditions of the postoperative period, are inevitable for a safe assessment of valuable (hemorheological) results. Parallel investigations - such as microcirculatory monitoring, imaging techniques, other laboratory methods, histomorphology- have great importance, together with individual analysis of changes, for a better understanding of the changes and for comparability with clinical results.

The Effects of Different Signaling Pathways in Adenylyl Cyclase Stimulation on Red Blood Cells Deformability

“…Exposition of RBCs to SS in the physiologically normal range 5–20 Pa, on the contrary, may reversibly improve the deformability (Simmonds et al, 2014; Nemeth et al, 2018). The exact mechanisms of such phenomena still remain unclear.…”

Understanding Red Blood Cell Rheology in Sepsis and its Role in Clinical Practice. From Biomolecular Aspects to Possible Therapeutic Interventions

“…Hemorheology is a branch of fluid dynamics studying and describing flow and deformation behaviour of blood and its cells (i.e., erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets) [3]. Blood rheology still represents an area of interest, after decades of studies and, yet, there are still many aspects that need to be elucidated, like aggregation's (one major determinant of erythrocyte rheology) implications in pathophysiology of several diseases [4,5]. But, in this review, we will focus on RBC rheology and how sepsis and septic shock influences it.…”

Assessment of Fibrinogen Macromolecules Interaction with Red Blood Cells Membrane by Means of Laser Aggregometry, Flow Cytometry, and Optical Tweezers Combined with Microfluidics

“…Both of these processes involve fibrinogen, a blood plasma protein, which is a dimeric molecule composed of pairs of α, β, and γ chains that are folded into a three-domain nodular structure [ 8 , 9 ]. Many pathophysiological processes, which are characterized by an elevated concentration of fibrinogen in blood plasma, are accompanied with hemorheological disorders caused by alterations of RBC aggregation [ 10 , 11 ]. In particular, increased fibrinogen concentration at the acute phase reaction during inflammation is directly related to the observed increases in RBC aggregation [ 12 , 13 ].…”