Effector‐Triggered Self‐Replication in Coupled Subsystems

Komáromy, Dávid; Tezcan, Meniz; Schaeffer, Gaël; Marić, Ivana; Otto, Sijbren

doi:10.1002/anie.201707191

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Ag ood understanding of the requirements for self-replicationn ow exists [2] and severalchemical self-replicatings ystems have been reported. [2,3] Also, the emergence of self-replicators from relatively complex mixtures (in particulard ynamic combinatorial libraries, DCLs) [4] has been described by Philp [5] and by us. [6] We previously developed DCLs using building blocks equippedw ith two thiol groups that can oxidize to form disulfide macrocycles which continuously exchange buildingb locks through reversible disulfide exchange reactions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Existing Self‐Replicators Can Direct the Emergence of New Ones

Altay

Otto

2018

Chemistry A European J

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The study of the interplay between different self-replicating molecules constitutes an important new phase in the synthesis of life and in unravelling the origin of life. Here we show how existing replicators can direct the nature of a newly formed replicator. Starting from the same building block, 6-ring replicators formed when the mixture was exposed to pre-existing 6-membered replicators, while pre-formed 8-membered replicators funneled the building block into 8-ring replicators. Not only ring size, but also the mode of assembly of the rings into stacks was inherited from the pre-existing replicators. These results show that the nature of self-replicating molecules can be strongly influenced by the interplay between different self-replicators, overriding preferences innate to the structure of the building block.

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confidence: 99%

Existing Self‐Replicators Can Direct the Emergence of New Ones

Altay

Otto

2018

Chemistry A European J

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“…The dissimilar behaviour of s when they are alone or mixed with other species allowed the group to design a library that shows no replication until an effector is present. 61 In this particular case, a BB capable of selfreplication and a known to form a receptor in the presence of a template were combined together. In the absence of template, no self-catalysis is detected and the different components form mixed structures.…”

Section: Dynamic Covalent Chemistry In Complex Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting complexity to implement function in chemical systems

2020

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“…[44] Using an attached dithiol moiety, the pentapeptides can assemble into mixtures of macrocyclic oligomers of different sizes through disulfide bond formation. [46] Most recently, Sadwonik et al reported real time diversification of competing self-replicating molecules into two sets of replicators, with one the descendant of the other. Mechanical stimulation causes exponential growth from both sides of the hexameric macrocycles and the formation of fibers.…”

Section: Self-replicating Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In later work, the Otto group investigated the impact of amino acid sequence variations on the properties of self-selected replicators [45] and identified replicator systems that can be controlled via an external effector. [46] Most recently, Sadwonik et al reported real time diversification of competing self-replicating molecules into two sets of replicators, with one the descendant of the other. [47] Despite competing for the same two essential building blocks, the new replicators manage to coexist through modest specialization on one of two feedstock molecules.…”

Section: Self-replicating Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Templated Self‐Replication in Biomimetic Systems

et al. 2019

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nanostructures and nanopatterns. [13][14][15] The specificity of the molecular recognitions between replicative units is concomitant with the encoding and transmission of information, with the degree of specificity determining the fidelty and capacity of information transfer against competing background interactions in noisy "chemical" environments. [16] However, the ability to replicate in this manner does not imply the ability to transmit additional heritable information-simple replicators can only replicate information related to recognition and template directed autocatalysis as this information is intrinsically linked to phenotype. In contrast to most artificial autocatalytic replicators, living systems (including viruses) store the key instructions for replication on an inheritable genetic system rather than in the native structures of the individual sub-components. This decoupling of phenotype and genotype enables heredity and open-ended evolution, the possibility of an indefinite increase in complexity, as evolutionary innovations aquired by natural selection are anchored in the genotype only. [17,18] The most prominent self-replicating molecules are nucleic acids, which form the fundamental basis for information storage and propagation in biological systems. The ability of polynucleic acids to store information is self-evident, and based upon the ability to form cognate Watson-Crick base pair interactions. Nucleic acid systems may have also formed the first genetic replicators in biology. The RNA world hypothesis postulates a stage in the origin of life in which RNA proliferated before the emergence of DNA and proteins. To do this, RNA must be able to carry out several key roles: information storage, catalysis, and (self-) replication. Multiple examples of catalytic RNAs (ribozymes) are known both from nature and in vitro selection experiments, [19][20][21][22] but there is no fossil evidence of an RNA capable of (self-)replication without the involvement of proteins.While minimal nucleic acid-only systems with replicationlike properties have been identified by directed evolution and engineering, limitations such as low activity, lack of generality, and poor information capacity limit their usefulness in bottomup synthetic biology, except in origin of life research. For the creation of more complex biological in vitro systems, RNA or DNA replication mechanisms involving more powerful protein enzymes are likely to be necessary. Even so, the achievement of self-sustained in vitro self-replication inspired by the central dogma of molecular biology is currently hampered by the requirement to encode and efficiently express the enormous A key characteristic of living systems is the storage and replication of information, and as such the development of self-replicating systems capable of heredity is of great importance to the fields of synthetic biology and origin of life research. In this review, the design and implementation of self-replicating systems in the context of bottom-up synthetic biology is discusse...

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Effector‐Triggered Self‐Replication in Coupled Subsystems

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Existing Self‐Replicators Can Direct the Emergence of New Ones

Existing Self‐Replicators Can Direct the Emergence of New Ones

Exploiting complexity to implement function in chemical systems

Templated Self‐Replication in Biomimetic Systems

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