Effectiveness of whole grain consumption in the prevention of colorectal cancer: Meta-analysis of cohort studies

Abstract

The present work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of whole grain consumption in preventing colorectal cancer. A systematic review with meta-analysis of 11 cohort studies was carried out. The age group of the population studied (1,719,590 participants) was between 25 and 76 years of age. The review evaluated the relative risks with the Cox proportional hazard model. The period of study varied from 6 to 16 years, where 7,745 persons developed colorectal cancer during the follow-up period. In the multivariate analysis, the highest quintile relative risk was 0.94 (95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.03), whereas that for the lowest quintile was 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.04). The location of tumors was also evaluated, with tumors in the colon demonstrating a relative risk of 0.93 (95% confidence interval, 0.83-1.02) and tumors in the recto a relative risk equal to 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.79-1.00). In this multivariate analysis, consumption of whole grains was inversely associated with the risk of developing colorectal cancer.

Externalities from grain consumption: a survey

“…The case study showed strong inverse relationship for whole grains with upper digestive cancers and also for bladder and kidney cancers. In addition, a recent meta-analysis showed that whole grain consumption was inversely related to the risk of developing colorectal cancer (Haas et al 2009). …”

The effects of fermented wheat powder (Lisosan G) on the blood lipids and oxidative status of healthy rabbits

“…Grains are especially rich in polyphenols, a large and heterogenous group of bioactive phytochemical compounds. In epidemiological studies, whole grain consumption is associated with improvements in the body mass index (Gaesser, 2007) and insulin sensitivity (Steffen et al, 2003) as well as with a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes (McKeown et al, 2002), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (Flight and Clifton, 2006;Papathanasopoulos and Camilleri, 2010), and colorectal cancer (Haas et al, 2009;Randi et al, 2010). It seems that polyphenols play an important role in the prevention of numerous chronic degenerative diseases, mainly attributed to their antioxidant activity (Khurana et al, 2013;Yuan, 2013).…”

Wheat Antioxidants, Their Role in Bakery Industry, and Health Perspective

“…They are also consisting of a wide range of bioactive compounds and exert health-promoting effects such as anticancer, cardio-prevention, diabetes, and aging [23]. These bioactive compounds exhibited multiple physiological mechanisms including antioxidant activity, enhancement of immune system, mediation of hormones and facilitation of substance transit via digestive tract, production of butyric acid in the colon, and assimilation of substances in the gut [24,25].…”