Effectiveness of vitamin D intake in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Annotation. Vitamin D deficiency and is a common problem among adolescents with impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Searching for the new opportunities to optimize the glycemic control among children with type 1 diabetes is an urgent task for the scientists. The aim was to study the laboratory features of compensation of type 1 diabetes in adolescents who additionally received cholecalciferol. 50 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged 10 to 18 years participated in the study: 1 group – adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus who received only basal-bolus insulin therapy and did not receive additional supplementation with vitamin D (n=25); 2 group – adolescents with type 1 diabetes, who received a vitamin D – 2000 IU for 3 months (n=25) together with basal-bolus insulin therapy. All patients underwent clinical and laboratory examinations. Statistical processing of the results was performed out using the software package “Statistica 6.0”. The average level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in adolescents of group 1 was 10.06% (9.5; 13.0), group 2 – 10.61% (9.0; 13.2). Fasting glucose level in group 1 was 8.8 mmol/l (7.6; 10.8), in group 2 – 9.2 mmol/l (8.0; 11.2). When re-measured after 3 months of different treatment, these indicators were significantly lower. In the 1 group HbA1c decreased by 11.9%, in the 2 group the level of HbA1c decreased by 13.3% (p<0.05). Glucose concentration before and after treatment also significantly decreased in children of both groups by 7.95% and 8.7%, respectively, p<0.05. Among adolescents who were additionally prescribed vitamin D together with standard basal-bolus insulin therapy, the number of patients with decompensated type 1 diabetes decreased by 2.7 times (χ2=7.58; p<0, 05), the number of patients with subcompensated diabetes increased by 1.75 times and the number of compensated adolescents increased by 5 times (χ2=5.34; p=0.042). Thus, the indicators of carbohydrate metabolism among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus, who received vitamin D in addition to basal-bolus insulin therapy, indicated better compensation of type 1 diabetes mellitus.