Effectiveness of vegetative buffer strips at reducing runoff, soil erosion, and nitrate transport during degraded hillslope restoration in northern Iran

Kavian, Ataollah; Saleh, Iman; Habibnejad, M.; Brevik, Eric C.; Jafarian, Zeinab; Rodrigo‐Comino, Jesús

doi:10.1002/ldr.3051

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In Iran, although various attempts of land rehabilitation have been attempted using different soil amendments including organic (e.g., Behzadfar et al, ; Hazbavi & Sadeghi, ; Jourgholami, Labelle, & Feghhi, ; Kavian et al, ; Khalili Moghadam, Jamili, Nadian, & Shahbazi, ; Kia Kianian, Asgari, Bahadori, Resources, & Agricultural, ; Masumian, Naghdi, Zenner, Nikooy, & Lotfalian, ; Sadeghi, Hazbavi, & Kiani‐Harchegani, ) and inorganic (e.g., Emami & Astaraei, ; Hazbavi et al, ; Kia Kianian et al, ; Padidar et al, ; Safari, Kavian, Parsakhoo, Saleh, & Jordán, ) soil amendments under different conditions, very limited research (Gholami, Khaledi Darvishan, & Kavian, ; Jourgholami & Etehadi Abari, ) has been done on reducing runoff and soil erosion control using wood‐based mulches. Importantly, no study has examined reducing runoff, soil loss and sediment concentration behavior using different wood lengths and coverages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of native wood strand mulches for land rehabilitation in Iran under experimental conditions

et al. 2019

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Wood‐based mulches are a preferred erosion control material for rehabilitation of degraded lands because they can be made from native wood materials; however, research is needed to verify the effectiveness of new products prior to application. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of two types of native wood strand mulches from Iran (waste byproducts of Alnus glutinosa and Fagus orientalis working) in reducing runoff, soil loss, and sediment concentration under laboratory conditions. Toward this goal, rainfall simulations were conducted 27 times using a 50 mm hr−1 rainfall during 20‐min experiments on erosion plots with treatments of different cover percentages (bare, 30 and 70%) and strand dimensions (16 and 4 cm in length; 1.5 cm wide). The results showed that all strand applications reduced runoff (>12%), soil loss (>47%), and sediment concentration (>44%) compared to the bare plots. The most effective application treatment was a 70% coverage of the 4‐cm strands of either material (p value < .002). The shorter strands were most effective for all hydrological and erosion variables reductions because they maintained more contact with the soil surface during simulated rainfall and then increased the soil retention potential, whereas the longer strands realigned in the direction of flow, thereby limiting their ability to retard flowing water. The small strands also facilitated the creation of microdams that blocked flow and promoted infiltration. Both materials were deemed effective native erosion control products in degraded sites in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran, particularly when small strands were applied at high cover rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of native wood strand mulches for land rehabilitation in Iran under experimental conditions

et al. 2019

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“…The vegetation cover is a good strategy and enough efficient to reduce soil erosion rates. Other strategies to control the soil losses are the use of polymers [76], straw mulches [77], geotextiles [78] or grass buffer strips [79,80].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage Versus No-Tillage. Soil Properties and Hydrology in an Organic Persimmon Farm in Eastern Iberian Peninsula

Cerdà

Rodrigo‐Comino

Yakupoğlu

et al. 2020

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There is an urgent need to implement environmentally friendly agriculture management practices to achieve the Sustainable Goals for Development (SDGs) of the United Nations by 2030. Mediterranean agriculture is characterized by intense and millennia-old tillage management and as a consequence degraded soil. No-Tillage has been widely examined as a solution for soil degradation but No-Tillage relies more on the application of herbicides that reduce plant cover, which in turn enhances soil erosion. However, No-Tillage with weed cover should be researched to promote organic farming and sustainable agriculture. Therefore, we compare Tillage against No-Tillage using weed cover as an alternative strategy to reduce soil losses in persimmon plantations, both of them under organic farming management. To achieve these goals, two plots were established at “La Canyadeta” experimental station on 25-years old Persimmon plantations, which are managed with Tillage and No-Tillage for 3 years. A survey of the soil cover, soil properties, runoff generation and initial soil losses using rainfall simulation experiments at 55 mm h−1 in 0.25 m2 plot was carried out. Soils under Tillage are bare (96.7%) in comparison to the No-Tillage (16.17% bare soil), with similar organic matter (1.71 vs. 1.88%) and with lower bulk densities (1.23 vs. 1.37 g cm3). Tillage induces faster ponding (60 vs. 92 s), runoff (90 vs. 320 s) and runoff outlet (200 vs. 70 s). The runoff discharge was 5.57 times higher in the Tillage plots, 8.64 for sediment concentration and 48.4 for soil losses. We conclude that No-tillage shifted the fate of the tilled field after 3 years with the use of weeds as a soil cover conservation strategy. This immediate effect of No-Tillage under organic farming conditions is very promising to achieve the SDGs.

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“…We recommend delaying the start time of runoff and its subsequent destructive consequences in one of the following ways in landscapes with high levels of convexity morphology. Firstly, increasing surface RC by changing soil granulation or by changing vegetation, as well as enhancing soil horizon formations, biological processes, and water retention capacity [52,53]. For this purpose, modified natural or synthetic coatings could increase the RC, thereby reducing the start time and time of concentration and runoff peak rate of the runoff.…”

Section: Recommendations Challenges and Future Research Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Roughness Coefficients and Complex Hillslope Morphology on Runoff Variables under Laboratory Conditions

Meshkat

Amanian

Talebi

et al. 2019

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The geometry of hillslopes (plan and profile) affects soil erosion under rainfall-runoff processes. This issue comprises of several factors, which must be identified and assessed if efficient control measures are to be designed. The main aim of the current research was to investigate the impact of surface Roughness Coefficients (RCs) and Complex Hillslopes (CHs) on runoff variables viz. time of generation, time of concentration, and peak discharge value. A total of 81 experiments were conducted with a rainfall intensity of 7 L min−1 on three types of soils with different RCs (i.e., low = 0.015, medium = 0.016, and high = 0.018) and CHs (i.e., profile curvature and plan shape). An inclination of 20% was used for three replications. The results indicate a significant difference (p-value ≤ 0.001) in the above-mentioned runoff variables under different RCs and CHs. Our investigation of the combined effects of RCs and CHs on the runoff variables shows that the plan and profile impacts are consistent with a variation in RC. This can implicate that at low RC, the effect of the plan shape (i.e., convergent) on runoff variables increases but at high RC, the impact of the profile curvature overcomes the plan shapes and the profile curvature’s changes become the criteria for changing the behavior of the runoff variables. The lowest mean values of runoff generation and time of concentration were obtained in the convex-convergent and the convex-divergent at 1.15 min and 2.68 min, respectively, for the soil with an RC of 0.015. The highest mean of peak discharge was obtained in the concave-divergent CH in the soil with an RC of 0.018. We conclude that these results can be useful in order to design planned soil erosion control measures where the soil roughness and slope morphology play a key role in activating runoff generation.

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Effectiveness of vegetative buffer strips at reducing runoff, soil erosion, and nitrate transport during degraded hillslope restoration in northern Iran

Cited by 30 publications

References 67 publications

Effectiveness of native wood strand mulches for land rehabilitation in Iran under experimental conditions

Effectiveness of native wood strand mulches for land rehabilitation in Iran under experimental conditions

Tillage Versus No-Tillage. Soil Properties and Hydrology in an Organic Persimmon Farm in Eastern Iberian Peninsula

Effects of Roughness Coefficients and Complex Hillslope Morphology on Runoff Variables under Laboratory Conditions

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