Effectiveness of varietal resistance and risk prediction for the control of ramularia leaf spot of barley under Irish growing conditions

Mulhare, Joseph; Creissen, Henry E.; Kildea, Steven

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105317

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our experimental sites were hardly affected by others diseases, as we did a fungicide treatment at GS 30-32 to exclude powdery mildew and net blotch, which can be confused with RLS during field assessments. The application was not set up for the RLS control but still, it cannot be ruled out that there might be an impact in the epidemic development of R. collo-cygni (Mulhare et al 2021). However, in both testing seasons all fungicide treatments increased yield compared to the untreated control, whereby all treatments with chlorothalonil achieved a yield benefit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicide strategies and resistance of Ramularia collo-cygni to demethylation and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors in Austrian winter barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Assinger¹,

Torriani

Accardo

et al. 2021

J Plant Dis Prot

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Ramularia collo-cygni B. Sutton and J.M. Waller is a major disease in Austrian barley-growing regions. To date, fungicide application is the most effective method to manage the disease; however, fungicide resistance to demethylation and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors has developed over the last few years. In the growing seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, field trials were carried out to analyze the efficiency of fungicide strategies based on different fungicide classes. Disease development, growth parameters and monitoring of CYP51 and sdh mutations were determined. Fungicide treatments resulted in higher disease control, green leaf area and grain yield. In Austrian R. collo-cygni field populations, the frequency of the mutations CYP51-I325T and CYP51-I328L was low to moderate. Frequency of mutations sdhC-H146R and sdhC-H153R was low. Frequencies of CYP51-I325T and -I328L were similar and increased following DMI application. Frequency of sdhC-H146R was higher compared to sdhC-H153R. The SDHI benzovindiflupyr showed a higher selection rate for sdh mutations compared to bixafen. These sdh mutations were not selected if chlorothalonil was used as mixing partner, leading to a stable composition of sdh resistance alleles over the last two years. Chlorothalonil was proven to be an effective tool for anti-resistance strategies. Currently, SDHIs and DMIs are the backbone of Ramularia leaf spot control in Austria; however, the level of resistance is likely to increase in absence of suitable anti-resistance strategies and following the ban of chlorothalonil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungicide strategies and resistance of Ramularia collo-cygni to demethylation and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors in Austrian winter barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Assinger¹,

Torriani

Accardo

et al. 2021

J Plant Dis Prot

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“…Recent sequencing of the Rcc genome in 2016 identified 11,617 gene models ( McGrann et al., 2016 ; Mulhare et al., 2021 ; Matzen et al., 2024 ). This revealed that the Rcc genome encodes a low number of genes predicted to code for plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, a feature common to many endophytic, biotrophic, and hemibiotrophic fungi ( Lo Presti et al., 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative transcript to proteome analysis of barley during Ramularia collo-cygni leaf spot development identified several proteins that are related to fungal recognition and infection responses

Lemcke,

Kamble,

Schneider

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionRamularia leaf spot (RLS) disease is a growing threat to barley cultivation, but with no substantial resistance identified to date. Similarly, the understanding of the lifestyle of Ramularia collo-cygni (Rcc) and the prediction of RLS outbreak severity remain challenging, with Rcc displaying a rather untypical long endophytic phase and a sudden change to a necrotrophic lifestyle. The aim of this study was to provide further insights into the defense dynamics during the different stages of colonization and infection in barley in order to identify potential targets for resistance breeding.MethodsUtilizing the strength of proteomics in understanding plant–pathogen interactions, we performed an integrative analysis of a published transcriptome dataset with a parallel generated proteome dataset. Therefore, we included two spring barley cultivars with contrasting susceptibilities to Rcc and two fungal isolates causing different levels of RLS symptoms.ResultsInterestingly, early responses in the pathogen recognition phase of the host were driven by strong responses differing between isolates. An important enzyme in this process is a xylanase inhibitor, which protected the plant from cell wall degradation by the fungal xylanase. At later time points, the differences were driven by cultivar-specific responses, affecting mostly features contributing to the pathogenesis- and senescence-related pathways or photosynthesis.DiscussionThis supports the hypothesis of a hemibiotrophic lifestyle of Rcc, with slight differences in trophism of the two analyzed isolates. The integration of these data modalities highlights a strength of protein-level analysis in understanding plant–pathogen interactions and reveals new features involved in fungal recognition and susceptibility in barley cultivars.

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“…Additionally, only a few data of quantity of sporulation between different varieties (Hoheneder et al, 2021) or different culture parameters like light or nutrients are available. Furthermore, there are already existing differences between varieties in RLS development (Hoheneder et al, 2021;Mulhare et al, 2021). However, appropriate barley varieties fully resistant to R. collo-cygni are not yet available for a grower (Havis et al, 2015;Hein, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Ramularia collo-cygni DMI- and SDHI-resistant field populations in Austria and the effect of fungicides on the population and genetic diversity

Assinger¹,

Fountaine²,

Torriani

et al. 2021

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the third most cultivated crop after corn and wheat in Austria but one of the most challenging for disease control. The foliar pathogen Ramularia collo-cygni B. Sutton and J.M. Waller, causing Ramularia leaf spots (RLS), is one of the most important diseases in barley. In the recent years, control has only been achieved using fungicide mixtures including the multi-site inhibitor chlorothalonil, however this compound is totally banned in the EU. The objective of this study was to assess fungicide dose-rates and spray mixtures for RLS control. Furthermore, a field monitoring within the main barley growing areas of Austria was carried out, to analyse the current resistance situation to DMI and SDHI fungicides, which are still the backbone in RLS control. The results indicate that only the mixture with chlorothalonil achieved a good RLS control. Prothioconazole or benzovindiflupyr (alone or additively) decrease the severity of RLS but increase the local frequency of Cyp51 and sdhC mutations, especially the high dose rates. Based on a low Cyp51 mutation frequency of 16% in untreated control this frequency increased over 3.8 times following an application with 300 g ha−1 prothioconazole. The cumulative-sdhC mutations were even more increased after an application with benzovindiflupyr. This study showed that Ramularia collo-cygni is present in 91% of barley fields presented in this field survey. Widespread use of chlorothalonil fungicide maintained a low to moderate mutation frequency (Cyp51-I325T, Cyp51-I328L, sdhC-H146R and sdhC-H153R) in Austrian barley regions with no increase between 2017 and 2019.

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Effectiveness of varietal resistance and risk prediction for the control of ramularia leaf spot of barley under Irish growing conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Fungicide strategies and resistance of Ramularia collo-cygni to demethylation and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors in Austrian winter barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Fungicide strategies and resistance of Ramularia collo-cygni to demethylation and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors in Austrian winter barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Integrative transcript to proteome analysis of barley during Ramularia collo-cygni leaf spot development identified several proteins that are related to fungal recognition and infection responses

Detection of Ramularia collo-cygni DMI- and SDHI-resistant field populations in Austria and the effect of fungicides on the population and genetic diversity

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