Effectiveness of using deep eutectic solvents as an alternative to conventional solvents in enzymatic biodiesel production from waste oils

Merza, Fatima; Fawzy, Aya Mohamed; AlNashef, Inas M.; Al‐Zuhair, Sulaiman; Taher, Hanifa

doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2018.01.005

Cited by 71 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This can be explained by the lack of water in the process (only 0.7% (w/w) of water was in the reaction medium). According to Merza et al [25], adding just 1% (w/w) of water to pure ChCl:Gly DES, thus forming ChCl:Gly:H 2 O DES, higher biodiesel yields can be achieved. Since the commercial enzyme is 73% water, premise was that the water content in Lipolase 100L would be sufficient for enhanced lipase activity.…”

Section: Transesterification Process In a Batch Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesterification in Microreactors—Overstepping Obstacles and Shifting Towards Biodiesel Production on a Microscale

et al. 2020

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Biodiesel, which was earlier used only as an alternative fuel, is now an indispensable component of commercial diesel. Conventional production processes are unable to cope with the increasing demand for biodiesel, and therefore more and more work is being done to intensify the existing processes. The intensification of the biodiesel production process, taking into account the environmental and economic factors, is based on increasing productivity. One way to achieve that is by reducing the volume of production units. The application of the enzymatic reaction path, while reducing the volume of process equipment to the micro-level, has significantly magnified the productivity of the biodiesel production process, which is primarily due to better mass transfer in microsystems. Additional breakthrough is the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) instead of buffers for enzyme stabilization. In this study, a lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TlL) (both commercial and produced by solid-state fermentation) was used as a catalyst for biodiesel production. Edible and waste sunflower oil, as well as methanol, were used as substrates. The reaction mediums were buffer and DES. The transesterification reaction was carried out in a batch reactor and the emphasis was made on different microreactor configurations. The highest yield of 32% for residence time of only τ = 30 min was obtained in the microreactor system with an emulsion of waste oil and a commercial enzyme suspended in a buffer. This indicates that enzymatic transesterification could be a valuable reaction path for dealing with waste oils. Furthermore, biodiesel synthesis in DES showed somewhat lower yields, but by increasing the water content in the system, the reaction could prove much better results. In the end, the effects of reaction conditions on the volumetric productivity of the process were analyzed.

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Section: Transesterification Process In a Batch Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesterification in Microreactors—Overstepping Obstacles and Shifting Towards Biodiesel Production on a Microscale

et al. 2020

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“…CALB recorded high activity in the range of 7.0-9.0. The activity and stability shift could be attributed to the nature of NADES and the strong polarity due to the multiple hydroxy groups 18 in the sugar-based NADES.…”

Section: Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding Light on Lipase Stability in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

Elgharbawy

Hayyan

et al. 2018

Chem.Biochem.Eng.Q.

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This study presents the potential role of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) in a lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction as both a co-solvent in an aqueous solution and as a main solvent. Ammonium salts such as choline chloride (ChCl) were paired with different hydrogen bond donors such as glycerol and malonic acid and sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose). The hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl palmitate by six different lipases: lipase from porcine pancreas (PR), lipase from Candida rugosa (CR), Amano lipase PS, from Burkholderia cepacia (AM), lipase from Rhizopus niveus (RN), lipase acrylic resin from Candida antartica (ARC), lipase B Candida antartica immobilized on Immobead 150, recombinant from Aspergillus oryzae (CALB), were tested in five NADESs. The results showed that NADES3 prepared from ChCl/sucrose was the most promising solvent as it enhanced the activities of both CALB and lipase from porcine pancreas to 355 % and 345 %. The kinetics investigation confirmed the higher catalytic efficiency (k cat /K m) of lipases in the 40 % of (NADES3) and compared with the aqueous form. The trend achieved by NADES may be a promising approach for applications and further perspectives as genuinely green industrial solvents.

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“…Extraction of bioactive compounds [2], extraction and separation of target analytes [3], liquid-liquid extraction [4], synthesis of noble metal nanomaterials [5] and CO 2 absorption [6] are the mostly known other applications of DESs. On the other hand, the use of DESs as catalyst in various organic reactions have also been reported [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and this field of application of DESs appears to attain more importance in manufacturing industry in future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The literature contains many examples of self-dual Leonard pairs. For instance (i) the ated with an irreducible module for the Terwilliger algebra of the hypercube (see [4, Coro Leonard pair of Krawtchouk type (see [10, De nition 6.1]); (iii) the Leonard pair associate module for the Terwilliger algebra of a distance-regular graph that has a spin model in t bra (see [1,Theorem], [3,Theorems 4.1, 5.5]); (iv) an appropriately normalized totally b (see [11,Lemma 14.8]); (v) the Leonard pair consisting of any two of a modular Leonard De nition 1.4]); (vi) the Leonard pair consisting of a pair of opposite generators for the bra, acting on an evaluation module (see [5,Proposition 9.2]). The example (i) is a specia examples (iii), (iv) are special cases of (v).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of deep eutectic solvents as catalyst: A mini-review

Ünlü

Arıkaya

Takaç

2019

Green Processing and Synthesis

148

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Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) exhibit numerous advantages over conventional ones used in several chemical and biochemical processes. Besides addressing most of the principles of green chemistry, DESs can also act as catalyst depending on their nature. The use of DESs as acid catalyst has several advantages such as utilization at stoichiometric amount, non-toxicity, possibility of the recovery, similar or higher catalytic effect than the acid itself alone, the recyclability and reusability without a significant loss of activity. In this mini-review, the state- of-the-art in the use of DESs as catalyst is presented. The DESs, which show Lewis type acidity, Brønsted type acidity and other types of catalytic influence in various types of reactions including esterification, organic synthesis, glycolysis and depolymerisation are presented and their roles in the reactions are discussed.

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Effectiveness of using deep eutectic solvents as an alternative to conventional solvents in enzymatic biodiesel production from waste oils

Cited by 71 publications

References 27 publications

Transesterification in Microreactors—Overstepping Obstacles and Shifting Towards Biodiesel Production on a Microscale

Transesterification in Microreactors—Overstepping Obstacles and Shifting Towards Biodiesel Production on a Microscale

Shedding Light on Lipase Stability in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

Use of deep eutectic solvents as catalyst: A mini-review

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