Effectiveness of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines in children during 2017–2018 season in Korea: Comparison of test-negative analysis by rapid and RT-PCR influenza tests

Abstract

Highlights Our results suggest moderate protection (53.4%) of IIV3 against RT-PCR laboratory-confirmed influenza in children in the 2017–2018 influenza season. Vaccine effectiveness using RIDT was lower than RT-PCR. Vaccine effectiveness against influenza A was higher than influenza B. Vaccine effectiveness against all influenza was higher in older age group.

Trends in effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in children by age groups in seven seasons immediately before the COVID-19 era

“…In addition, the bias in test-negative design is influenced by the low specificity of RIDTs rather than low sensitivity [46] . Although the use of RIDT kits for clinical testing may lead to underestimation of the VE [47] , [48] , we have shown the significant VE even using the RIDT kits. Also, we have repeatedly discussed this problem in our previous studies and the kits that we used have good sensitivities, including ImunoAce Flu [7] , [18] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] .…”

A Mixed-Methods Study to Evaluate Elementary School Staff’s Acceptability, Delivery Challenges, and Communication Regarding the Implementation of School-Located Influenza Vaccination Program in Hong Kong

“…Furthermore, non-return of parental consent forms was identified to be an important challenge of implementing SIVP in the United States, which was linked to context-based communication and the consent process [ 8 , 9 , 22 ], but how SIVP was communicated with parents and students via schools and the consent process in the context of an Asian city remained unexplored. Overall, the contexts of mainly providing IIV for school-aged children and having school staff instead of school nurses for the coordination of the school-located immunization programs in Hong Kong were similar to those in other Asian countries such as Japan and Korea [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Therefore, learning elementary schools’ experience with SIVP in Hong Kong may help to generalize the findings to other Asian cities with similar contexts.…”

Current methods and prospects of coronavirus detection

“…Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), as a specific and simple quantitative detection method [ 67 , 68 ], has been widely used in the detection of various viruses [ [69] , [70] , [71] , [72] ]. For example, Nunes et al used RT-qPCR to detect four Brazilian Amazon hantaviruses with a detection limit of 0.9 copies/μL.…”