Effectiveness of tramadol compared to lignocaine as local anesthesia in the extraction of firm teeth: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background The aim of this study was to compare the local anesthetic effect of tramadol with that of lignocaine in the extraction of immobile (grade 0) maxillary first molars. Methods This was a randomized, double-blind, equally balanced, controlled trial conducted on a sample population of 116 patients. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A (control) and group B (study). Group A and group B participants received 1.8 ml of 2% lignocaine without adrenaline and 1.8 ml of 5% tramadol, respectively through the supra-periosteal infiltration technique before extraction. Intraoperative pain was recorded on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and was evaluated using two unpaired t-tests. Results Intraoperative pain was evaluated in both the control and study groups. In the control group, the mean VAS score was 0.71 ± 0.81, while in the study group, the mean intraoperative VAS score was 1.21 ± 0.86, with the difference between the two mean values being statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion Tramadol has a less potent local anesthetic effect than lignocaine. As a higher dose of tramadol is required to obtain the desired anesthetic effect, it should be used as a supplement to lignocaine in extensive surgical procedures. It can also be used in patients allergic to lignocaine.

Tramadol vs. Lidocaine Administered Intraperitoneally and in Incisional Lines for the Intraoperative and Postoperative Pain Management of Romifidine-Telazol-Anesthetized Swine Undergoing Umbilical Hernia Repair

“…The use of local anesthetics and opioids administered on-site for intraoperative and postoperative pain management has been used in human medicine for many years and is also becoming increasingly popular in veterinary medicine [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. In new multimodal analgesia techniques, local anesthetics, alone or in combination with opioids, play a crucial role in incisional blocks and intraperitoneal administration [ 11 , 12 ].…”

“…Lesions such as phlegmon, ulcers, and dermatitis are common in livestock and lead to an inflammatory process with a relatively low pH [ 26 ].Consequently, a locally active opioid can replace or compensate the analgesic efficacy of local anesthetics [ 8 , 9 , 14 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Tramadol is a weak µ-opioid receptor agonist and occurs as a racemic mixture of two enantiomers.…”