Effectiveness of the wheat Lr22b, Lr34, and Lr37 genes for adult plant resistance to leaf rust in West Siberia and the cytophysiological basis of their action

Plotnikova, L. Ya.; Stubei, T. Yu.

doi:10.1134/s2079059713010115

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Only two responses, conferred by the Mi‐1 gene in tomato to three nematode species and by the Xa‐7 gene, in rice to Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo), respectively, were assessed in both controlled (Jablonska et al ., 2007; Cohen et al ., 2017) and field conditions over several years (Dropkin, 1969; Webb et al ., 2010). Additionally, one study investigated the thermosensitivity of wheat resistances linked to Lr22b and Lr34 genes against Puccinia recondita , during 3 years only in field conditions (Plotnikova & Stubei, 2013). The fact that most experiments were carried out in glasshouses or growth chambers allowed easy application and fairly precise control of specific abiotic and biotic factors.…”

Section: Round Two: Effect Of Heat Stress On Plant–pathogen Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fight hard or die trying: when plants face pathogens under heat stress

et al. 2020

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In their natural environment, plants are exposed to biotic or abiotic stresses occurring sequentially or simultaneously. Plant responses to these stresses have been widely studied and well characterized in simplified systems involving single plant species facing individual stresses. Temperature elevation is a major abiotic driver of climate change and scenarios predict an increase in the number and severity of epidemics. In this context we review the available data on the effect of heat stress on plant-pathogen interactions. Considering 45 studies performed on model or crop species, we discuss possible implications of the optimal growth temperature of plant hosts and pathogens, mode of stress application and temperature variation on resistance modulations. Alarmingly, the majority of identified resistances are altered under temperature elevation, regardless of the plant and pathogen species. Thereby, we list current knowledge on heatdependent plant immune mechanisms and pathogen thermo-sensory processes, mainly studied in animals and human pathogens, which could help understand the outcome of plant-pathogen interactions under elevated temperature. Based on a general overview of the mechanisms involved in plant responses to pathogens, and integrating multiple interactions with the biotic environment, we provide recommendations to optimize plant disease resistance under heat stress and to identify thermotolerant resistance mechanisms.

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Section: Round Two: Effect Of Heat Stress On Plant–pathogen Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fight hard or die trying: when plants face pathogens under heat stress

et al. 2020

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“…However, Yr36 was later shown to confer temperature-dependent resistance at all growth stages when exposed to temperatures over 25°C [ 8 ]. In contrast to HTAP genes, leaf rust resistance conferred by Lr34/Yr18 is enhanced at lower temperatures [ 9 - 12 ]. Lr34 / Yr18 is a well-established resistance, being present in many wheat cultivars and occupying more than 26 million hectares in developing countries [ 13 ], whereas Yr36 has more recently been introduced into many varieties worldwide through the introgression of the closely linked Gpc-B1 gene [ 14 - 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A change in temperature modulates defence to yellow (stripe) rust in wheat line UC1041 independently of resistance gene Yr36

et al. 2014

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BackgroundRust diseases are of major importance in wheat production worldwide. With the constant evolution of new rust strains and their adaptation to higher temperatures, consistent and durable disease resistance is a key challenge. Environmental conditions affect resistance gene performance, but the basis for this is poorly understood.ResultsHere we show that a change in day temperature affects wheat resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici (Pst), the causal agent of yellow (or stripe) rust. Using adult plants of near-isogenic lines UC1041 +/- Yr36, there was no significant difference between Pst percentage uredia coverage in plants grown at day temperatures of 18°C or 25°C in adult UC1041 + Yr36 plants. However, when plants were transferred to the lower day temperature at the time of Pst inoculation, infection increased up to two fold. Interestingly, this response was independent of Yr36, which has previously been reported as a temperature-responsive resistance gene as Pst development in adult UC1041 -Yr36 plants was similarly affected by the plants experiencing a temperature reduction. In addition, UC1041 -Yr36 plants grown at the lower temperature then transferred to the higher temperature were effectively resistant and a temperature change in either direction was shown to affect Pst development up to 8 days prior to inoculation. Results for seedlings were similar, but more variable compared to adult plants. Enhanced resistance to Pst was observed in seedlings of UC1041 and the cultivar Shamrock when transferred to the higher temperature. Resistance was not affected in seedlings of cultivar Solstice by a temperature change in either direction.ConclusionsYr36 is effective at 18°C, refining the lower range of temperature at which resistance against Pst is conferred compared to previous studies. Results reveal previously uncharacterised defence temperature sensitivity in the UC1041 background which is caused by a change in temperature and independently of Yr36. This novel phenotype is present in some cultivars but absent in others, suggesting that Pst defence may be more stable in some cultivars than others when plants are exposed to varying temperatures.

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“…During adult plant resistance to leaf rust on wheat cv. Thatcher (carries the Lr22b gene, and its nearisogenic lines Lr34 and Lr37 ), Lr22b is inefficient; while Lr34 slows down the disease development at a mean daily temperature below 16°C, but is poorly efficient at temperatures above 20°C; Lr37 provides high resistance under all conditions [ 46 ], showing that some resistance genes were correlated with the temperature-dependent resistance. Two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected from a population of 188 F 2:3 families (from wheat cross Fundulea 900/‘Thatcher’), and the two QTLs were designated as QLr.hebau-1BL that was Lr46 and QLr.hebau-7DS that was Lr34 , respectively [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wheat WRKY transcription factors TaWRKY49 and TaWRKY62 confer differential high-temperature seedling-plant resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

et al. 2017

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WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in plant resistance responses to pathogens. Wheat stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a destructive disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) worldwide. In this study, the two WRKY genes TaWRKY49 and TaWRKY62 were originally identified in association with high-temperature seedling-plant resistance to Pst (HTSP) resistance in wheat cultivar Xiaoyan 6 by RNA-seq. Interestingly, the expression levels of TaWRKY49 and TaWRKY62 were down- and up-regulated, respectively, during HTSP resistance in response to Pst. Silencing of TaWRKY49 enhanced whereas silencing TaWRKY62 reduced HTSP resistance. The enhanced resistance observed on leaves following the silencing of TaWRKY49 was coupled with increased expression of salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-responsive genes TaPR1.1 and TaAOS, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS)-associated genes TaCAT and TaPOD; whereas the ethylene (ET)-responsive gene TaPIE1 was suppressed. The decreased resistance observed on leaves following TaWRKY62 silencing was associated with increased expression of TaPR1.1 and TaPOD, and suppression of TaAOS and TaPIE1. Furthermore, SA, ET, MeJA (methyl jasmonate), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments increased TaWRKY62 expression. On the other hand, MeJA did not affect the expression of TaWRKY49, and H2O2 reduced TaWRKY49 expression. In conclusion, TaWRKY49 negatively regulates while TaWRKY62 positively regulates wheat HTSP resistance to Pst by differential regulation of SA-, JA-, ET and ROS-mediated signaling.

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Effectiveness of the wheat Lr22b, Lr34, and Lr37 genes for adult plant resistance to leaf rust in West Siberia and the cytophysiological basis of their action

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Fight hard or die trying: when plants face pathogens under heat stress

Fight hard or die trying: when plants face pathogens under heat stress

A change in temperature modulates defence to yellow (stripe) rust in wheat line UC1041 independently of resistance gene Yr36

The wheat WRKY transcription factors TaWRKY49 and TaWRKY62 confer differential high-temperature seedling-plant resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

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