Effectiveness of the chemical stabilizers of Talaromyces flavus in biological control of tomato and greenhouse cucumber vascular wilt disease

Abstract

Fungal antagonist, Talaromyces flavus, is one of the most important biological agents of soil-borne fungal diseases including Verticillium and Fusarium wilt. In this study, to increase the effectiveness of T. flavus isolates obtained from greenhouse cucumbers and field grown tomatoes five chemical stabilizers were evaluated. Based on the results of previous studies, the most effective substrate for the growth, sporulation and stability of T. flavus isolates related to the above-mentioned plants was a mix of rice bran and peatmoss. Different chemical stabilizers were mixed with the above-mentioned substrate containing spore suspensions of various T. flavus isolates. For each plant, a completely randomized experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions with seven treatments and three replications. The results of this study indicated that treatments containing sodium nitrate and D-cycloserine were more effective than those containing other stabilizers. The overall results of this study suggest that the use of some chemical stabilizers may enhance the biocontrol potential of fungal antagonists in controlling different plant diseases including Verticillium and Fusarium wilt.

Effects of Co-culturing with Live and Autoclaved Bacillus subtilis on Antagonistic Activity of Marine Fungi against Plant Pathogens

“…The results in this study exhibited that the crude extract from solitary culture of T. tratensis exerted the best antifungal activity against the tested plant pathogens followed by E. foveolata, M. verrucaria, T. stipitatus, and E. chevalieri, respectively. The results were in accordance with many previous reports which found that many species belonging to genus Talaromyces acted as potent antagonists against various plant diseases such as T. falvus, T. trachyspermus, T. tratensis and T. wortmannii (Naraghi et al, 2012;Kakvan et al, 2013;Dethoup et al, 2015;Bahramian et al, 2016). Recently, T. tratensis was reported as a potent antagonist against rice diseases even in planta (Dethoup et al, 2018).…”

Insights into Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) Effects on Soil Nutrients and Pathogens from Pepper Monocropping Soil under Anaerobic and Aerobic Conditions

“…3D ), and they were also negatively related to F. Oxysporum species, that is −0.45, −0.42, −0.68* correlation values. As a previous study reported, these three fungal genera showed markedly antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum , Rhizoctonia solani , or Pythium aphanidermatum for various crops ( 36 , 65 , 66 ). Further, the genus Talaromyces was considered an important biological agent of soilborne fungal diseases and have already been widely used in agriculture ( 36 ).…”

“…As shown in Fig. 3D , some functionally and significantly different genera of fungi, like saprotrophic Penicillium and Aspergillus ( 35 ), biocontrol agents of Zopfiella and Talaromyces ( 16 , 36 ) accounted for a large portion of both PQQ treatments, which was important for the cycling of our resistance to pathogens in soil ( 37 – 39 ). Besides, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Gemmatimonas , f_ Gemmatimonadaceae , Sphingomonas , f_ WWH38 , etc., were dominated in both PQQ-treated soils (+10% relative to control) while PQQ originally exists in Gram-negative microbes, which meant PQQ induced the gram-negatives to be enriched in soils.…”

Suppression of Banana Fusarium Wilt Disease With Soil Microbial Mechanisms Via Pineapple Rotation and Residue Amendment

“…Additionally, studies have shown that some fungal microorganisms pre-empt the microecological environment with pathogens, such as the effect of the mass production of Talaromyces spp. on pathogens populations (Bahramian et al 2016). This result is the same as that reported by Xiong et al (2017b), who studied two treatments of vanilla wilt, where the crop rotation treatment signi cantly reduced the number of Fusarium oxysporum in the soil.…”