Effectiveness of the 40 adolescent AIDS-risk reduction interventions: A quantitative review

Kim, Nina; Stanton, Bonita; Li, Xiaoming; Dickersin, Kay; Galbraith, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(96)00169-3

Cited by 162 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…A knowledge, practice and attitude survey among health workers in a Nigerian teaching hospital, noted important gaps in knowledge and showed avoidance attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS among Doctors, nurses and other health workers. 18,19 This agrees with findings the world over 24,42 and probably underscores the point that although education is effective in increasing knowledge it has had less effect on AIDS-related attitude and behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge and Sources of Information among Secondary School Students in Enugu Nigeria

Obuoha¹

2015

HIV/ AIDS Res Treat Open J

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The present study aimed to evaluate AIDs -related knowledge, and sources of information, among secondary school students in Enugu, Nigeria. Anonymous structured interviews were conducted with 1009 multi-stage sampled students aged 10-20 years. Nine hundred of the students had heard about AIDS but only 725 knew that HIV causes AIDS. Fifty percent (50%) could identify transmission modalities but only 36-50% could correctly identify actions to avoid contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Students learned about HIV/AIDS from the society (22.3%) and TV-20%; Radio-19%; Newspapers-13%, than schools (11.0%) and from home (16%), while 33% believed AIDS was not real. Seventy-nine percent (79%) and 46% of the respondents were afraid and have aversion for People living with AIDS respectively. Upto 27% of the respondents had had premarital sex while only 50% agreed they could change their sexual practice on account of HIV/AIDS. The respondents, those who had begun sexual activity started early and engaged in risky sexual practices. Results from this study indicate that HIV/AIDs knowledge among the respondents is inadequate, and that they want to learn more. Appropriate and factual HIV/AIDS and sexuality information should be provided in formal conducive setting in-schools to counteract wrong information, misconceptions and sexual myths gained from uninformed general public and on occasions the media.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge and Sources of Information among Secondary School Students in Enugu Nigeria

Obuoha¹

2015

HIV/ AIDS Res Treat Open J

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“…12,13 A review of published, well-controlled intervention studies aimed at decreasing the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents suggests that programs focused on individual behavior (e.g., condom use) can reduce HIV/STI risk-associated behavior and theory-based determinants of such behavior. [14][15][16][17][18] It remains unclear, however, whether the effects are sustainable for the long term. Most studies would suggest that they are not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laying the Foundation for Connect to Protect ®: A Multi-Site Community Mobilization Intervention to Reduce HIV/AIDS Incidence and Prevalence among Urban Youth

et al. 2006

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Despite the considerable resources that have been dedicated to HIV prevention interventions and services over the past decade, HIV incidence among young people in the United States remains alarmingly high. One reason is that the majority of prevention efforts continue to focus solely on modifying individual behavior, even though public health research strongly suggests that changes to a community's structural elements, such as their programs, practices, and laws or policies, may result in more effective and sustainable outcomes. Connect to Protect is a multi-city community mobilization intervention that focuses on altering or creating community structural elements in ways that will ultimately reduce youth HIV incidence and prevalence. The project, which spans 6 years, is sponsored by the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions at multiple urban clinical research sites. This paper provides an overview of the study's three phases and describes key factors in setting a firm foundation for the initiation and execution of this type of undertaking. Connect to Protect's community mobilization approach to achieving structural change represents a relatively new and broad direction in HIV prevention research. To optimize opportunities for its success, time and resources must be initially placed into laying the groundwork. This includes activities such as building a strong overarching study infrastructure to ensure protocol tasks can be met across sites; tapping into local site and community expertise and knowledge; forming collaborative relationships between sites and community organizations and members; and fostering community input on and support for changes at a structural level. Failing to take steps such as these may lead to insurmountable implementation problems for an intervention of this kind.

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“…Some evidence suggests that reporting the use of theory to inform the development of behavior change interventions is associated with larger intervention effects (Albada, Auseums, Bensing, & van Dulsem, 2009;Ammerman, Lindquist, Lohr, & Hersey, 2002;Fisher & Fisher, 2000;Glanz & Bishop, 2010;Kim et al, 1997;Swann et al, 2003;Taylor, Conner, & Lawton, 2012;Webb, Joseph, Yardley, & Michie, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does theory influence the effectiveness of health behavior interventions? Meta-analysis.

Prestwich¹,

Sniehotta²,

Whittington³

et al. 2014

Health Psychology

460

366

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Objective: To systematically investigate the extent and type of theory use in physical activity and dietary interventions, as well as associations between extent and type of theory use with intervention effectiveness.Methods: An in-depth analysis of studies included in two systematic reviews of physical activity and healthy eating interventions (k = 190). Extent and type of theory use was assessed using the Theory Coding Scheme (TCS) and intervention effectiveness was calculated using Hedges's g. Meta-regressions assessed the relationships between these measures.Results: Fifty-six percent of interventions reported a theory base. Of these, 90% did not report links between all of their behavior change techniques (BCTs) with specific theoretical constructs and 91% did not report links between all the specified constructs with BCTs. The associations between a composite score or specific items on the TCS and intervention effectiveness were inconsistent. Interventions based on Social Cognitive Theory or the Transtheoretical Model were similarly effective and no more effective than interventions not reporting a theory base. Conclusions:The coding of theory in these studies suggested that theory was not often used extensively in the development of interventions. Moreover, the relationships between type of theory used and the extent of theory use with effectiveness were generally weak. The findings suggest that attempts to apply the two theories commonly used in this review more extensively are unlikely to increase intervention effectiveness.

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Effectiveness of the 40 adolescent AIDS-risk reduction interventions: A quantitative review

Cited by 162 publications

References 43 publications

HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge and Sources of Information among Secondary School Students in Enugu Nigeria

HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge and Sources of Information among Secondary School Students in Enugu Nigeria

Laying the Foundation for Connect to Protect ®: A Multi-Site Community Mobilization Intervention to Reduce HIV/AIDS Incidence and Prevalence among Urban Youth

Does theory influence the effectiveness of health behavior interventions? Meta-analysis.

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