Effectiveness of terrestrial protected areas in reducing habitat loss and population declines

Geldmann, Jonas; Barnes, Megan; Coad, Lauren; Craigie, Ian D.; Hockings, Marc; Burgess, Neil D.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2013.02.018

Cited by 763 publications

(614 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to assess the effectiveness of protected areas [15]. Qualitative methods are often based on opinion of experts; they can take different forms depending on the subject under evaluation and consequently on the experts to be involved.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Protected Areas In Maintaining Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropization Processes and Protection of the Environment: An Assessment of Land Cover Changes in Sardinia, Italy

2017

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Protection of the environment is implemented through preventive and mitigating measures aimed at hindering anthropization processes. These measures may possibly entail the establishment of natural protected areas and sites where conservation measures are stated under the provisions of the "Habitats" Directive (No. 92/43/EEC) and Directive No. 2009/147/EC (the so-called "Birds" Directive, which modifies Directive No. 79/409/EEC). A straightforward way of assessing widespread anthropization processes consists in analyzing land cover changes related artificialization processes concerning natural areas. In this study, we assess land cover changes by using the simplified land cover taxonomy of the Land and Ecosystem Account classes and by analyzing transition processes; in addition, we propose a comparative appraisal of land cover changes occurring in areas characterized by different protection regimes, as follows: areas protected under the provisions of national or regional acts or regulations; sites belonging to the Natura 2000 network, that is, protected under the Habitats or Birds Directives; and unprotected areas. We analyze anthropization processes that take place in Sardinia, an Italian insular region characterized by the presence of several national and regional protected areas and by a significant system of Natura 2000 sites, and assess land cover changes over a twelve-year period (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012). The outcomes of our study put in evidence important lessons related to the definition and implementation of planning policies aiming at preventing anthropization processes in Sardinia. Moreover, the assessment methodology we implement in our study can be exported to other European regions to set up planning processes that fit the local features of land cover changes.

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Section: Effectiveness Of Protected Areas In Maintaining Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropization Processes and Protection of the Environment: An Assessment of Land Cover Changes in Sardinia, Italy

2017

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“…These include land use changes within PAs [86], assessing the effectiveness of PAs [87], hot spots of ecological significance within PAs [88], ultimate environmental thresholds of PAs [89], and Integrated Conservation and Development Projects [16]. Several studies have especially focused on conflicts between PAs and their surroundings [2,90].…”

Section: Models Aimed At (Or Relating To) Integrating Pas With Their mentioning

confidence: 99%

Models and Approaches for Integrating Protected Areas with Their Surroundings: A Review of the Literature

Penabaz-Wiley

Njeru

et al. 2015

Sustainability

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Several studies have identified threats that originate in areas surrounding protected areas (PAs). While there have been various efforts to integrate PAs with their surroundings, considerable challenges remain. Here we summarize these efforts to date, discuss their effectiveness, and provide recommendations for future research. Based on a broad literature review of theoretical and applied approaches, we have outlined 68 models for balancing conservation and sustainable development in PAs. We comprehensively analyzed 23 of these models for integrating PAs with their surroundings. They were divided into two categories: area-oriented and process-oriented approaches. This review reveals the absolute necessity of combining these two approaches for future conservation and sustainable development of PAs.

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“…However, this is rarely the case given the complexity and contextual sensitivity of protected-area-focused projects. Recent reviews assessing the social and biological effectiveness of protected areas [26,27] have highlighted that surprisingly little is known about when and how protected areas function optimally. In addition, the context of protected areas is changing with new global conservation targets, and new threats such as climate change [28].…”

Section: (D) Perceptions Of Mission Creepmentioning

confidence: 99%

International funding agencies: potential leaders of impact evaluation in protected areas?

Craigie

Barnes

Geldmann

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

Self Cite

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Globally, protected areas are the most commonly used tools to halt biodiversity loss. Yet, some are failing to adequately conserve the biodiversity they contain. There is an urgent need for knowledge on how to make them function more effectively. Impact evaluation methods provide a set of tools that could yield this knowledge. However, rigorous outcome-focused impact evaluation is not yet used as extensively as it could be in protected area management. We examine the role of international protected area funding agencies in facilitating the use of impact evaluation. These agencies are influential stakeholders as they allocate hundreds of millions of dollars annually to support protected areas, creating a unique opportunity to shape how the conservation funds are spent globally. We identify key barriers to the use of impact evaluation, detail how large funders are uniquely placed to overcome many of these, and highlight the potential benefits if impact evaluation is used more extensively.

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Effectiveness of terrestrial protected areas in reducing habitat loss and population declines

Cited by 763 publications

References 81 publications

Anthropization Processes and Protection of the Environment: An Assessment of Land Cover Changes in Sardinia, Italy

Anthropization Processes and Protection of the Environment: An Assessment of Land Cover Changes in Sardinia, Italy

Models and Approaches for Integrating Protected Areas with Their Surroundings: A Review of the Literature

International funding agencies: potential leaders of impact evaluation in protected areas?

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