Effectiveness of Sulfadoxine–Pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Pregnant Women

Background. Low birth weight and preterm delivery are birth outcomes that can predict newborns’ survival, development, and long-term health outcomes. This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with low birth weight and preterm delivery in the Ho Municipality of Ghana. Methods. This retrospective, cross-sectional study analysed data from 680 birth records between October and December 2018. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models predicted low birth weight and preterm delivery factors. Results. The prevalence of low birth weight and preterm delivery was 12.9% and 14.1%, respectively. Increasing maternal age (AOR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.28–0.98), multiparity (AOR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30–0.94) and increasing doses of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (AOR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.22–0.84) significantly reduced the odds of low birth weight. However, caesarean section (AOR: 1.94; 95% CI: 0.1.16–3.27) and hypertension (AOR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.27–03.33) significantly increased the likelihood of low birth weight. An increasing number of antenatal care visits (AOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.18–0.80) and doses of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (AOR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.19–0.97) were significantly associated with decreased odds of preterm delivery, while caesarean section increased the odds of preterm delivery by two folds (AOR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.15–3.99). Conclusion. This study shows that maternal age, parity, number of antenatal care visits, hypertension, SP/IPTp, and caesarean section were independently associated with low birth weight and preterm delivery. Education and interventions should be prioritised as vitally important on these factors to reduce the risk and complications associated with these birth outcomes.

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“…is conforms with several studies conducted in Tanzania [44,45], Cameroon [46], Nigeria [47], and Ghana [48].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight and Preterm Delivery in the Ho Municipality of Ghana

Axame

Binka

Kweku

2022

Advances in Public Health

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“…We found that more than 3 doses of SP/IPTp signi cantly reduced the odds of LBW. This is in conformity with several studies conducted in Tanzania (41,42), Cameroon (43), Nigeria (44) and Ghana (45). The protective nature of SP against LBW could be explained by its therapeutic effect against both malaria and non-malaria infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Determinants of Low birthweight and Preterm Delivery in the Volta Region of Ghana: Evidence from birth records

Axame¹,

Binka²,

Kweku³

2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background:Low birthweight and preterm delivery are birth outcomes that can predict the survival, development and long-term health outcomes of newborns. Though advances in medical research have improved birth outcomes these birth outcomes still remain issues of public health concern. This study assessed the determinants of low birthweight and preterm delivery in the Volta region of Ghana.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed data from 680 birth records of all deliveries between October and December, 2018 at the Ho Teaching Hospital in the Volta Region of Ghana. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to predict determinants of low birthweight and preterm delivery using Stata MP/16.0.Results:Overall, the prevalence of low birthweight was 12.9% and that of preterm delivery was 14.1%. Increasing maternal age (AOR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.28-0.98), multiparity (AOR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30-0.94) and increasing doses of Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (AOR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.22-0.84) significantly reduced the odds of low birthweight. However, delivery through caesarean section (AOR: 1.94; 95% CI: 0.1.16-3.27) and hypertension (AOR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.27-03.33) significantly increased the likelihood of low birthweight. Increasing number of antenatal care visits (AOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.18-0.80) and doses of Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (AOR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.19-0.97) were significantly associated with decreased odds of preterm delivery while delivery through caesarean section increased the odds of preterm delivery by 2 folds (AOR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.15-3.99). Conclusion:This study shows maternal age, parity, number of ANC visits, hypertension, SP/IPTp and caesarean section were independent determinants of low birthweight and preterm delivery. These findings add up to literature on the determinants of these adverse birth outcomes particularly in resource-limited environments. Furthermore, this study could serve as a foundation for further research in the study area and for developing public health interventions geared towards reducing the risk and complications of these birth outcomes.

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“…This replaces the original recommendation of two doses of SP, following substantial data that demonstrated reduced risk of preterm birth and LBW as well as improved birth weight when three or more courses were administered (68)(69)(70). In mathematical modeling studies, it was estimated that three or more doses of IPTp-SP uptake would lead to a 30% relative reduction in LBW occurrence (70)(71)(72)(73).…”

Section: Insecticide-treated Nets Indoor Residual Spraying and Intementioning

confidence: 99%

Poor Birth Outcomes in Malaria in Pregnancy: Recent Insights Into Mechanisms and Prevention Approaches

et al. 2021

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Pregnant women in malaria-endemic regions are susceptible to malaria in pregnancy, which has adverse consequences on birth outcomes, including having small for gestational age and preterm babies. These babies are likely to have low birthweights, which predisposes to infant mortality and lifelong morbidities. During malaria in pregnancy, Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes express a unique variant surface antigen, VAR2CSA, that mediates sequestration in the placenta. This process may initiate a range of host responses that contribute to placental inflammation and dysregulated placental development, which affects placental vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and nutrient transport. Collectively, these result in the impairment of placental functions, affecting fetal development. In this review, we provide an overview of malaria in pregnancy and the different pathological pathways leading to malaria in pregnancy-associated low birthweight. We also discuss current prevention and management strategies for malaria in pregnancy, and some potential therapeutic interventions that may improve birth outcomes. Lastly, we outline some priorities for future research that could bring us one step closer to reducing this health burden.

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Effectiveness of Sulfadoxine–Pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Pregnant Women

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight and Preterm Delivery in the Ho Municipality of Ghana

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight and Preterm Delivery in the Ho Municipality of Ghana

Determinants of Low birthweight and Preterm Delivery in the Volta Region of Ghana: Evidence from birth records

Poor Birth Outcomes in Malaria in Pregnancy: Recent Insights Into Mechanisms and Prevention Approaches

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