“…carotovorum in nutrient solution for hydroponic culture ( Kobayashi et al, 2011a , 2011b , 2011c , 2012 ). Furthermore, effective disinfection by O 3 MB has been reported by other researchers ( Chuajedton et al, 2015 ; Inatsu et al, 2011 ), although it is still not clear about the exact mechanism of disinfection by O 3 MB. In this study, the morphological change of F. oxysporum f. sp.…”