Effectiveness Of Soil Conservation To Erosion Control On Several Land Use Types

Abstract

The erosion plot method for direct evaluation in agriculture became necessary to (1) quantify soil erosion on cocoa, areca and oil palm, (2) determine the most effective soil conservation, and (3) calculate nutrient content in sediment. The experiment was treated with three conservation practices and the conventional treatment as control in a completely randomised block design. The results showed for the areca land use, that soil conservation with ridges + maize produced the lowest erosion (1.68 t/ha). For cocoa land use, the ridges + groundnut treatment produced the lowest erosion (8.2 t/ha). For oil palm land use, the cover crop of Mucuna bracteata had lowest erosion yield (12.2 t/ha). Soil conservation techniques significantly affected the levels of organic C and available P under the cocoa land use, where ridges + maize have the lowest content of organic C and available P in soil sediment (1.03% and 0.69 ppm). Soil conservation at areca land use also has a significant effect on the levels of organic C and available N, but it did not affect significantly the levels of available P and exchangeable K sediments, where ridges + groundnut have lowest organic C and available N in sediment (1.4% and 0.18%). Furthermore, soil conservation on the land use of oil palm showed a significant effect on the levels of available P, but did not significantly affect the levels of organic C, available N and exchangeable K sediments. Soil conservation with cover crops Mucuna bracteata showed the lowest available P in sediments (0.86 ppm).

Soil Conservation by Vegetative Systems in Oil Palm Cultivation

“…The influence of the use of plants for erosion control in oil palm plantations in tropical area is also demonstrated by Satriawan et al (2015), where the use of Mucuna bracteata as cover crop plants enables to minimize erosion up to 34.61% compared with no soil conservation. Moreover, using plants for erosion control indicated benefits in controlling soil erosion in other climatic regions, similar to other previous studies by Gomez et al (2009) who reported that using cover crop with barley reduced the soil losses to 0.8 t/ha/year and the average annual runoff coefficient to 1.2%, that indicated the use of a cover crop can be a simple, feasible soil and water conservation practice.…”

Short Communication: Use of Geographic Information System for mapping of Aquilaria malaccensis land suitability in North Sumatra, Indonesia

“…Geographical Information System (GIS) has been widely applied in various fields, including forestry and agriculture. According to Rahmawaty et al (2012), Rahmawaty et al (2014), Rahmawaty et al (2017a), Rahmawaty et al (2017b), Rahmawaty et al (2018), Rahmawaty et al (2019a), Satriawan et al 2015, one application of GIS in the field of forestry and agriculture is mapping of land evaluation and presenting the results in the form of maps. The Geographical Information System (GIS) is used for data collection, storage, analysis and manipulation of geographic references, include layout the map to show the spatial distribution of geographical phenomena including characteristics that are in accordance with those on the surface of the earth (Rahmawaty et al 2011).…”

“…Astragalus hypsogeton Bunge appropriate site.Rahmawaty et al (2016) have been used GIS for land suitability for Tectona grandis: case study in Arboretum Kwala Bekala, Sumatera Utara University Satriawan et al (2015). have been used GIS for soil conservation to erosion control on several land-use types Satriawan et al (2014).…”

Kesesuaian Lahan Tanaman Jati; ”studi Kasus Di Arboretum Kwala Bekala, Universitas Sumatera Utara”

“…Hasil analisis kelas kesesuaian lahan Tectona grandis disajikan pada Tabel 3. Berdasarkan Tabel 3, pada satuan lahan I-X kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual cukup sesuai (S2) seluas 51,09 Ha (78,82% dari total luas Arboretum USU) (Tabel 4) dengan faktor penghambat curah hujan, bahaya erosi dan tambahan faktor pembatas ketersediaan oksigen/drainase pada satuan lahan I. Faktor penghambat curah hujan merupakan faktor alam yang tidak dapat diperbaiki, ketersediaan oksigen dapat diatasi dengan pembuatan saluran drainase dan bahaya erosi dapat diatasi dengan pembuatan teras, penanaman sejajar kontur, dan penanaman penutup tanah (Satriawan et al, 2015). Oleh sebab itu, kelas kesesuaian lahan potensial pada satuan lahan I-X tetap cukup sesuai (S2) dengan faktor penghambat ketersediaan air.…”