Effectiveness of Selected Granular Acaricide Formulations in Suppressing Populations of Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae): Short-Term Control of Nymphs and Larvae

Abstract

Applications of selected granular acaricide formulations to the shrub layer of forested habitats during the peak activity periods of Ixodes dammini Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin nymphs and larvae significantly reduced the abundance of these stages on Peromyscus leucopus. The granules effectively penetrated growing vegetation and suppressed populations of subadult ticks questing in the leaf litter. The use of granular acaricide formulations provides the only documented method of control of free-living I. dammini nymphs and larvae in dense vegetation. As such, this technique will serve as a major component of any integrated control program against this vector tick species.

Biological control of the tick Ixodes ricinus with entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes: Preliminary results from laboratory experiments

“…In the past, chemical acaricides were successfully used against Ixodes scapularis adults (Schulze et al, 1987(Schulze et al, , 1992 and nymphs (Schulze et al, 1991(Schulze et al, , 1994(Schulze et al, , 2000(Schulze et al, , 2001Stafford, 1991;Curran et al, 1993). However, such an approach comprises several problems, including the development of resistance against the chemicals, undesirable effects on the environment, possible toxic effects on users, and high costs.…”

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycetes) and permethrin to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs

“…In field studies, broadcast and barrier synthetic chemical applications using organophosphates, carbamates, or pyrethroids have effectively controlled I. scapularis adults (Schulze et al 1987(Schulze et al , 1992Patrican and Allan 1995), nymphs (Schulze et al 1991(Schulze et al , 1994(Schulze et al , 2000(Schulze et al , 2001aStafford 1991;Solberg et al 1992;Curran et al 1993;Allan and Patrican 1995;Patrican and Allan 1995), and larvae (Schulze et al 1991;Allan and Patrican 1995). Other control methods, such as host exclusion or reduction (Stafford 1993;Daniels and Fish 1995) and environmental modifications (Schulze et al 1995;Stafford et al 1998) vary in their effectiveness.…”

Effects of an Application of Granular Carbaryl on Nontarget Forest Floor Arthropods

“…Owing to their epidemiological importance in Lyme disease transmission (Piesman et al 1987), I. scapularis nymphs are most frequently targeted for control. Conventional acaricide applications have been shown to be the most reliable control method against host-seeking I. scapularis nymphs (Schulze et al 1991(Schulze et al , 1994Stafford 1991;Solberg et al 1992;Curran et al 1993). However, chemical control is often perceived to have signiÞcant potential for adverse effects on nontarget organisms (Ginsberg 1994).…”