Effectiveness of RoboLeader for Dynamic Re-Tasking in an Urban Environment

Chen, Jessie Y. C.; Barnes, Michael J.; Quinn, Stephanie A.; Plew, William

doi:10.1037/e578902012-321

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Trust for those high in individualistic or uncertainty avoidance cultures was higher than those with high power distance (Chien et al, 2016). Attentional control and prior video game experience were positively related to human–autonomy multitasking performance (Chen, Barnes, Qu, et al, 2011, Chen, Barnes, Quinn, et al, 2011).…”

Section: Results Of Literature Review: Research Environments Themes A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human–Autonomy Teaming: A Review and Analysis of the Empirical Literature

et al. 2020

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Objective We define human–autonomy teaming and offer a synthesis of the existing empirical research on the topic. Specifically, we identify the research environments, dependent variables, themes representing the key findings, and critical future research directions. Background Whereas a burgeoning literature on high-performance teamwork identifies the factors critical to success, much less is known about how human–autonomy teams (HATs) achieve success. Human–autonomy teamwork involves humans working interdependently toward a common goal along with autonomous agents. Autonomous agents involve a degree of self-government and self-directed behavior (agency), and autonomous agents take on a unique role or set of tasks and work interdependently with human team members to achieve a shared objective. Method We searched the literature on human–autonomy teaming. To meet our criteria for inclusion, the paper needed to involve empirical research and meet our definition of human–autonomy teaming. We found 76 articles that met our criteria for inclusion. Results We report on research environments and we find that the key independent variables involve autonomous agent characteristics, team composition, task characteristics, human individual differences, training, and communication. We identify themes for each of these and discuss the future research needs. Conclusion There are areas where research findings are clear and consistent, but there are many opportunities for future research. Particularly important will be research that identifies mechanisms linking team input to team output variables.

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Section: Results Of Literature Review: Research Environments Themes A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human–Autonomy Teaming: A Review and Analysis of the Empirical Literature

et al. 2020

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“…In another RoboLeader study employing different dynamic replanning tasks, it was observed that frequent gamers had significantly better SA of the tasking environment than did infrequent gamers (Chen, Barnes, Quinn, & Plew, 2011). Given findings reported in Green and Bavelier (2006) that frequent gamers tend to have better visual short-term memory, it is not surprising to find them exhibiting better SA of the tasking environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Supervisory Control of Multiple Robots

2012

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Objective: A military multitasking environment was simulated to examine the effects of an intelligent agent, RoboLeader, on the performance of robotics operators.Background: The participants' task was to manage a team of ground robots with the assistance of RoboLeader, an intelligent agent capable of coordinating the robots and changing their routes on the basis of battlefield developments.Method: In the first experiment, RoboLeader was perfectly reliable; in the second experiment, RoboLeader's recommendations were manipulated to be either false-alarm prone or miss prone, with a reliability level of either 60% or 90%. The visual density of the targeting environment was manipulated by the presence or absence of friendly soldiers.Results: RoboLeader, when perfectly reliable, was helpful in reducing the overall mission times. The type of RoboLeader imperfection (false-alarm vs. miss prone) affected operators' performance of tasks involving visual scanning (target detection, route editing, and situation awareness). There was a consistent effect of visual density (clutter of the visual scene) for multiple performance measures. Participants' attentional control and video gaming experience affected their overall multitasking performance. In both experiments, participants with greater spatial ability consistently outperformed their low-spatial-ability counterparts in tasks that required effective visual scanning.Conclusion: Intelligent agents, such as RoboLeader, can benefit the overall human-robot teaming performance. However, the effects of type of agent unreliability, tasking requirements, and individual differences have complex effects on human-agent interaction.Application: The current results will facilitate the implementation of robots in military settings and will provide useful data to designs of systems for multirobot control.

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“…Further investigation about the benefits of the nature of the task is warranted, as trust, engagement, and complacency potential only describe a small amount of the effect ( R 2 = 0.142), albeit very significantly. A possible explanation is that video gaming experience allows for increased multitasking performance, which allows for more effective situation awareness (Chen et al, 2011). On the other hand, we found that motivation and trust in the agents are negatively correlated ( p < 0.05), echoing an effect similar to social loafing in working groups (i.e., the less one is motivated, the more they will trust the AI out of inactivity) (Karau & Williams, 1993; Latané et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating Agent Reliability with Human Trust, Situation Awareness, and Performance in Autonomously-Collaborative Human-Agent Teams

Rodriguez

Zaroukian

Hoye

et al. 2022

Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making

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When teaming with humans, the reliability of intelligent agents may sporadically change due to failure or environmental constraints. Alternatively, an agent may be more reliable than a human because their performance is less likely to degrade (e.g., due to fatigue). Research often investigates human-agent interactions under little to no time constraints, such as discrete decision-making tasks where the automation is relegated to the role of an assistant. This paper conducts a quantitative investigation towards varying reliability in human-agent teams in a time-pressured continuous pursuit task, and it interconnects individual differences, perceptual factors, and task performance through structural equation modeling. Results indicate that reducing reliability may generate a more effective agent imperceptibly different from a fully reliable agent, while contributing to overall team performance. The mediation analysis shows replication of factors studied in the trust and situation awareness literature while providing new insights: agents with an active stake in the task (i.e., success is dependent on team performance) offset loss of situation awareness, differing from the usual notion of overtrust. We conclude with generalizing implications from an abstract pursuit task, and we highlight challenges when conducting research in time-pressured continuous domains.

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Effectiveness of RoboLeader for Dynamic Re-Tasking in an Urban Environment

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Human–Autonomy Teaming: A Review and Analysis of the Empirical Literature

Human–Autonomy Teaming: A Review and Analysis of the Empirical Literature

Supervisory Control of Multiple Robots

Mediating Agent Reliability with Human Trust, Situation Awareness, and Performance in Autonomously-Collaborative Human-Agent Teams

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