Effectiveness of Radiological Imaging Techniques (X-Rays, Mdct, and Mri) for Diagnosis of Pelvic Fistula: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of different imaging techniques for preoperative detection of pelvic fistula. Imaging and classification of female genital abnormalities considerably pelvic floor fistulas are significant. We conducted a systematic review of the available literature to highlight the effectiveness of different radiological imaging techniques (X-RAY,U/S,CT,MRI) for the diagnosis of different types of pelvic fistulas to see the limitations of conventional scanning and testing over modern imaging techniques and to show the effectiveness of choosing one imaging modality over other depending upon multiple dynamics e.g., site and types of fistula. The controlled and regular research cases (n= 9) available in English from 2011 to 2020 were included in criteria of research. The evidence databases were used for assessment of certain studies analytically by way of PEDro scale and explicated under decision guidelines. In all relevant articles were identified and included in this systematic review. The radiological techniques showed improved diagnostic performance that established the effectiveness of imaging advancement for administration and treatment of pelvic fistula. Conventional methods have less sensitivity and specificity as compared to modern techniques. X-RAY fistulography and ultrasonography has less sensitivity and specifity as compared to CT scan but still found beneficial in the diagnosis of colovaginal, uterovesical fistula and considered as the most basic clue about the existence of a malignant fistula respectively.it is verified that MDCT is the safer accurate and offered more detailed defects in diagnosis of urogenital, urethrorectal, lower urogenital tract fistulas, upper and middle vaginal fistulas colovesical fistulas(along with X-RAY) and prostate symphyseal fistula(along with MRI).It has been concluded that MRI can access colovesical fistulas inherited vaginal fistulas and prostate symphyseal fistulas(along with CT) more efficiently. It has been concluded that diagnostic imaging for all pelvic fistula is useful, to help the physicians, particularly radiologists, in diagnosis of pelvic fistulas. The choice of imaging technique is dependent upon multiple factors. Advanced medical imaging techniques XRAY,MDCT MRI) are considered more recommended choices as compared to conventional imaging.

Migration of a bladder diverticulum stone into the rectum revealing an advanced rectal process

“…The MRI is the key examination for detecting pelvic organs, especially for assessing the extent of rectal and urogenital cancers, as well as for diagnosing complications such as abscesses and fistulas [7] , [8] , [9] . To see small fistulas the best imaging test is fistulography when it is possible, using any available modality (X-Ray, US, CT, MRI) [10] .…”

“…To see small fistulas the best imaging test is fistulography when it is possible, using any available modality (X-Ray, US, CT, MRI) [10] . Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) also plays a role in diagnosing pelvic fistulas [8 , 9] . These fistulas appear as more or less regular linear structures with low signal intensity on T1-weighted sequences, clearly visible with high signal intensity in fatty areas.…”

MRI Case Report of Perianal Fistula with T2 TSE SPIR Sequence

“…MRI tools are more accurate than endosonography in determining the type of fistula and allow more branches to be detected (Cerit et al, 2020;Wahyuningtiyas & Apriantoro, 2020;Sharma et al, 2020). In another study, CT scan fistulography was able to locate the internal orifice in 28 patients (68.2%), whereas MRI was able to detect this aspect in 35 patients (85.3%).was more successful (Shahzad et al, 2021). Granulation tissue, inflammation, and edema around the fistula, abscess, and fistula wall fibrosis were also evaluated, from the study benefit from resonance imaging Magnetic (MR) includes Multiplanar imaging and advanced soft tissue differentiation (Madany et al, 2023;Sharma et al, 2022) MRI is a diagnostic imaging tool that is very crucial in Pelvis MRI in cases of perianal fistula (Chen et al, 2021;Hyde et al, 2018;Lee et al, 2018).…”

“…Accurate and comprehensive evaluation of the fistula tract before surgery is, therefore a very important diagnostic strategy and greatly contributes to the success of the surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination to determine fistula tract anatomy, presence of an abscess, and parameters of inflammation (Halligan, 2020;Shahzad et al, 2021;Włodarczyk et al 2021) MRI imaging has emerged as the preferred technique for preoperative evaluation of perianal fistulas to better treatment outcomes. The importance of MR imaging in this context lies in its ability to reveal hidden areas of sepsis and secondary enlargement, both of which contribute to high postoperative recurrence rates, determine surgical outcomes, and minimize complications.…”

“…It plays an important role in limiting. Additionally, MRI images can be used to define the anatomic relationship of the perianal fistula and forecast the likelihood of postoperative faecal incontinence (Amato et al, 2020;Criado et al, 2018;Molteni et al, 2018;Shahzad et al, 2021;Sharma et al, 2020;Westbrook & Talbot, 2019).…”