Effectiveness of Phone Reminders to Improve Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) regimens remains a difficult issue. Thus, it was hoped that the use of phone reminders would improve adherence. Methodology: The Cochrane database was searched using selected keywords for this meta-analysis. We included randomised, controlled trials (RCTs) that utilised interventions with phone reminder and reported adherence outcomes, as the proportion of prescribed pills taken, the scores on an adherence questionnaire, or the follow-up rate. Two independent authors screened titles of article for inclusion, extracted the relevant data, and assessed articles for risk of bias. Results: Seven RCTs published between 2010 and 2017 were selected for inclusion in this review. The sample size ranged from 76 to 631 participants. Most RCTs used short message service (SMS) and phone call reminders as interventions. The rate of adherence was 1.17-fold greater among those who received phone reminders than those who did not, which was statistically significant (Z = 2.86, p = 0.004). Those who received phone reminders showed a 17% higher likelihood for adherence compared with those who did not receive any phone reminder interventions. Conclusion: Phone reminders remain significantly effective means for improving adherence.

Needs and contents of a customized digital tool for retention in care and medication adherence among pregnant and breast-feeding women living with HIV in Kilimanjaro

“…In our previous study, which was done in Kilimanjaro using the same RTMM device, participants reported that the device was easy to use and feasible (15,26). A meta-analysis which was done to design better ART medications, showed that those who receive reminder SMS were more likely to adhere to medication compared to those who are not receiving reminders (27).…”

Assessment of needs and contents of a customized digital tool for retention to care and Medication adherence among pregnant and Breastfeeding women living with HIV/AIDS in Kilimanjaro

“…In our previous study, which was done in Kilimanjaro using the same RTMM device, participants reported that the device was easy to use and feasible (17,28). A meta-analysis, which was done to design better ART medications, showed that those receiving reminder SMS were more likely to adhere to medication than those not receiving reminders (29).…”