Effectiveness of Ozone Therapy in The Treatment of Endometritis in Mares

Ávila, Ana Caroline Araújo; Diniz, Natália Castro; Serpa, Rafael Torres; Chaves, Maria Manoela Barata de Castro; Viu, Marco Antônio de Oliveira; Oliveira, Rodrigo Arruda de

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2022.103900

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…More recently, the intrauterine application of ozone has gathered attention. Direct intrauterine ozone gas infusion was effective in treating endometritis in mares, reducing both endometrial inflammation and infection (Ávila et al, 2022).…”

Section: Therapy—with Some Emphasis On Nonantibiotic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

General and comparative aspects of endometritis in domestic species: A review

Pascottini

Aurich

Grahofer

2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Endometritis is a leading cause of sub‐ and infertility in domestic animal species. The healthy uterus is colonized by commensal bacteria, viruses and yeast/fungi that represent the nonpathogenic microbiota. A shift in the number or type of organisms accompanied by immune dysfunction, however, may trigger uterine infection and inflammation. Metritis is associated with inflammation of all uterine layers (endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium), whereas endometritis is a more superficial inflammation involving solely the endometrium. Endometritis generally occurs at two time points in domestic animal species, postpartum and postmating. Postpartum endometritis may chronically persist, either as a low‐grade disease that often manifests as a vaginal discharge but not a systemic illness (in some species termed clinical endometritis) or sometimes subclinical where features are only detected by endometrial sampling. Contamination of the uterus at the time of mating occurs by direct deposition of semen (ejaculated or artificially inseminated) into the uterus. Improper drainage of the ejaculatory fluid or an inadequate immune response may result in persistent mating‐induced endometritis. Both postpartum and postmating endometritis interferes with fertility by creating a suboptimal environment for embryo development and placentation, and chronic endometritis may have an impact on sperm survival and fertilization ability. In the postpartum animal, there may also be changes in milk production and maternal behaviour, which can affect offspring health and survival. Preventive strategies for endometritis largely depend on monitoring their known risk factors, which are sometimes specific with regard to the species. Effective, nonantibiotic therapy for endometritis is not available to date. Overall, extensive research has been performed in cattle and horses to unravel key aspects of endometritis, but in sows and bitches, the available literature is scant. Thus, the need and opportunity to investigate the condition vary considerably among domestic species and necessitate their comparative assessment. This article reviews general and comparative aspects of the diagnosis and classification, pathogenesis, preventive strategies and therapeutics of endometritis in domestic species with a specific focus on cows, mares, sows and bitches.

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Section: Therapy—with Some Emphasis On Nonantibiotic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

General and comparative aspects of endometritis in domestic species: A review

Pascottini

Aurich

Grahofer

2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…However, no changes were observed on albumin and LPO levels [ 148 ]. Mares with endometritis treated with O 3 showed a tendency to increase the percentage of healing in microbiological analysis with the use of O 3 in both oily or gaseous vehicles [ 157 ]. A distinctly different therapeutic approach but still able to reduce the oxidative events involved in the pathogenesis of endometritis was played by the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment.…”

Section: Exploiting Oxidative and Metabolic Stress And Inflammatory M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Oxidative Stress and Endometritis: Exploiting Knowledge Gained in Mares and Cows

Boni

Gualandi

2022

Animals

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The etiopathogenesis of endometritis in mares and cows differs significantly; this could depend on a different sensitivity and reactivity of the uterus but also on endocrine and rearing factors and different stress sources. In both species, microorganisms and the immune system play a primary role in the generation of this pathology. Microbiological and cytological tests support clinical examination and significantly improve diagnostic accuracy. For both species, during the inflammation, immune cells invade the endometrium and release bioactive substances to contrast primary or secondary pathogen contamination. These molecules are traceable to cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins as well as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), collectively known as RONS. The RONS-mediated oxidation causes morphological and functional alterations of macromolecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, with the consequent production of derivative compounds capable of playing harmful effects. These bioactive molecules and by-products, which have recently become increasingly popular as diagnostic biomarkers, enter the bloodstream, influencing the functionality of organs and tissues. This review has collected and compared information obtained in cows and mares related to the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers that are assessed by using different methods in samples from either blood plasma or uterine fluid.

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“…Os estudos de ozonioterapia em animais incluem os efeitos da ozonioterapia local e sistêmica em cães (Han et al, 2007;Moda et al, 2022), bovinos (Zobel et al, 2014;Enginler et al;, equinos (Vendruscolo et al;2018, Ávila et al, 2022, ovinos (Duricic et al, 2016;Szponder et al, 2021) e caprinos Skliarov et al;.…”

Section: Outros Parâmetros Relevantes São Ainda Ounclassified

Ozonioterapia Em Animais Domésticos: Conceitos Básicos E Diretrizes

BASILE¹,

BACCARIN²

2022

Ars Vet

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Ozonioterapia é uma técnica de tratamento de diversas doenças locais e sistêmicas por meio da administração de uma mistura oxigênio-ozônio. O gás pode ser aplicado diretamente no corpo do paciente ou ainda ser diluído em soro ou sangue, a chamada auto-hemoterapia ozonizada. Seus efeitos são mediados por mecanismos de oxidação direta ou indireta de células ou patógenos. Dentre os efeitos de oxidação direta, destaca-se a microporação na superfície de microorganismos incapazes de se protegerem por antioxidantes, resultando em destruição física de suas membranas e/ou paredes celulares, o conhecido efeito antisséptico ou desinfetante da ozonioterapia local, tópica ou cavitaria. Ao entrar em contato com sangue ou outros fluidos biológicos, o gás ozônio imediatamente se combina com a água resultando em radicais livres e oxida lipídeos, formando os lipoperóxidos. Os radicais livres e lipoperóxidos passam a ser os mediadores dos efeitos do ozônio em diversas células, como as hemácias, leucócitos, plaquetas, fibroblastos, entre outras. Como resultado, obtém-se os efeitos de melhora de perfusão e oxigenação tecidual, modulação da inflamação, analgesia, cicatrização e produção de antioxidantes enzimáticos. Porém, o planejamento terapêutico deve compreender a escolha das vias adequadas de tratamento, concentrações, doses de aplicações sistêmicas e frequência de aplicação para que os resultados sejam maximizados. Além disso, o profissional deve estar corretamente capacitado e conhecer todas as limitações e efeitos adversos possíveis da técnica.

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Effectiveness of Ozone Therapy in The Treatment of Endometritis in Mares

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

General and comparative aspects of endometritis in domestic species: A review

General and comparative aspects of endometritis in domestic species: A review

Relationship between Oxidative Stress and Endometritis: Exploiting Knowledge Gained in Mares and Cows

Ozonioterapia Em Animais Domésticos: Conceitos Básicos E Diretrizes

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