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Purpose Tinnitus is a condition that causes people to hear sounds without an external source. One significant issue arising from this condition is the difficulty in communicating, especially in the presence of noisy backgrounds. The process of understanding speech in challenging situations requires both cognitive and auditory abilities. Since tinnitus presents unique challenges, it is important to investigate how it affects speech perception in noise. Method In this review, 32 articles were investigated to determine the effect of tinnitus on the effect of speech in noise perception performance. Based on the meta-analysis performed using a random-effects model, meta-regression was used to explore the moderating effects of age and hearing acuity. Results A total of 32 studies were reviewed, and the results of the meta-analysis revealed that tinnitus significantly impacts speech in terms of noise perception performance. Additionally, the regression analysis revealed that age and hearing acuity are not significant predictors of speech in noise perception. Conclusion Our findings suggest that tinnitus affects speech perception in noisy environments due to cognitive impairments and central auditory processing deficits. Hearing loss and aging also contribute to reduced speech in noise performance. Interventions and further research are necessary to address individual challenges associated with continuous subjective tinnitus.
Purpose Tinnitus is a condition that causes people to hear sounds without an external source. One significant issue arising from this condition is the difficulty in communicating, especially in the presence of noisy backgrounds. The process of understanding speech in challenging situations requires both cognitive and auditory abilities. Since tinnitus presents unique challenges, it is important to investigate how it affects speech perception in noise. Method In this review, 32 articles were investigated to determine the effect of tinnitus on the effect of speech in noise perception performance. Based on the meta-analysis performed using a random-effects model, meta-regression was used to explore the moderating effects of age and hearing acuity. Results A total of 32 studies were reviewed, and the results of the meta-analysis revealed that tinnitus significantly impacts speech in terms of noise perception performance. Additionally, the regression analysis revealed that age and hearing acuity are not significant predictors of speech in noise perception. Conclusion Our findings suggest that tinnitus affects speech perception in noisy environments due to cognitive impairments and central auditory processing deficits. Hearing loss and aging also contribute to reduced speech in noise performance. Interventions and further research are necessary to address individual challenges associated with continuous subjective tinnitus.
Purpose Auditory training is known to improve the speech-perception-in-noise (SPIN) skills in children with auditory processing disorders (APDs); however, conventional non–computer-based trainings are dreary and nonmotivating. This study intended to develop a computer-based noise desensitization training module in Indian English and test the efficacy of the same in children with APD having SPIN deficits. There are no such modules available at present to be used in Indian children. Method The module incorporated words-in-noise training, with monosyllables and trisyllables as target words in the presence of speech-shaped noise as well as multitalker babble at different signal-to-noise ratios ranging from +20 to −4 dB SNR. The study included 20 children with SPIN deficits diagnosed with APD and who were recruited randomly to the experimental group who received the training ( n = 10; M age = 11.1 years) and to the control group who did not receive any training ( n = 10; M age = 11.4 years). The outcome measures included behavioral measures and electrophysiological measures (auditory long latency responses for speech in quiet and noise). Results Compared to children in the control group, children in the experimental group exhibited improvements in the SPIN scores as well as temporal processing measures after training. Dichotic consonant–vowel tests and auditory memory and sequencing tests did not yield significant improvement post training. Also, auditory long latency responses in quiet and noise revealed significant reduction in the amplitudes after training. No significant difference was noted in the latencies of auditory long latency responses post training. Control group participants did not show any significant difference in any of the measures between the initial and follow-up evaluations. Conclusions The developed training module was successful in fetching improvements in behavioral and electrophysiological measures. It would be a great addition to the evidence-based rehabilitation support inventory for children with SPIN deficits in India. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14551041
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