Effectiveness of Ketogenic Diets on the Survival of Adult Oncological Patients

Minzer, Simona

doi:10.1080/01635581.2020.1836243

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The potential benefit on cancer therapy of glucose deprivation through a ketogenic diet has been discussed extensively in the last several years (Klement, 2017;Weber et al, 2018). Khodabakhshi et al (2020) reported results of a randomized controlled clinical trial, evaluating the effects of ketogenic diet on patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen as an Essential Resource and the Coexistence of ER+ and ER– Cancer Cells

Kareva

Brown

2021

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Diagnosis of estrogen sensitivity in breast cancer is largely predicated on the ratio of ER+ and ER– cancer cells obtained from biopsies. Estrogen is a growth factor necessary for cell survival and division. It can also be thought of as an essential resource that can act in association with other nutrients, glucose, glutamine, fatty acids, amino acids, etc. All of these nutrients, collectively or individually, may limit the growth of the cancer cells (Liebig’s Law of the Minimum). Here we model estrogen susceptibility in breast cancer as a consumer-resource interaction: ER+ cells require both estrogen and glucose as essential resources, whereas ER– only require the general resource. The model predicts that when estrogen is the limiting factor, other nutrients may go unconsumed and available at higher levels, thus permitting the invasion of ER– cells. Conversely, when ER– cells are less efficient on glucose than ER+ cells, then ER– cells limited by glucose may be susceptible to invasion by ER+ cells, provided that sufficient levels of estrogen are available. ER+ cells will outcompete ER– cells when estrogen is abundant, resulting in low concentrations of interstitial glucose within the tumor. In the absence of estrogen, ER– cells will outcompete ER+ cells, leaving a higher concentration of interstitial glucose. At intermediate delivery rates of estrogen and glucose, ER+ and ER– cells are predicted to coexist. In modeling the dynamics of cells in the same tumor with different resource requirements, we can apply concepts and terms familiar to many ecologists. These include: resource supply points, R∗, ZNGI (zero net growth isoclines), resource depletion, and resource uptake rates. Based on the circumstances favoring ER+ vs. ER– breast cancer, we use the model to explore the consequences of therapeutic regimens that may include hormonal therapies, possible roles of diet in changing cancer cell composition, and potential for evolutionarily informed therapies. More generally, the model invites the viewpoint that cancer’s eco-evolutionary dynamics are a consumer-resource interaction, and that other growth factors such as EGFR or androgens may be best viewed as essential resources within these dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen as an Essential Resource and the Coexistence of ER+ and ER– Cancer Cells

Kareva

Brown

2021

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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“…Improvements in mental health were well recognized. Although there have been many studies on ketogenic diets as an adjuvant treatment for cancer, more solid evidence is still needed [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The traditional ketogenic diets with a ketogenic index of 4:1 consist of 90% fat, 8% protein, and 2% carbohydrates. Various protocols suggested an average of 70–80% fat, 5–10% carbohydrates, and 10–20% proteins, which were found in literature [ 1 ]. Under ketogenic diets, the body’s energy source is mainly ketone bodies derived from fat metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ketogenic Diets on Body Composition and Metabolic Parameters of Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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A ketogenic diet characterized by high fat and low carbohydrate can drive the body to produce a large number of ketone bodies, altering human metabolism. Unlike normal cells, tumor cells have difficulty in consuming ketone bodies. Therefore, the application of ketogenic diets in cancer therapy is gaining attention. However, the effect of ketogenic diets on body parameters of cancer patients is not well established. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the effects of ketogenic diets on cancer patients in earlier controlled trials. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for clinical trials that enrolled cancer patients who received ketogenic diets intervention. Ten controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. Data were extracted and checked by three authors independently. Pooled effect sizes revealed a significant effect of ketogenic diets on body weight (SMD −1.83, 95% CI −2.30 to −1.35; p < 0.00001) and fat mass (SMD −1.52, 95% CI −1.92 to −1.07; p < 0.00001). No significant effect on blood glucose, insulin, or lipid profile except triglycerides was found in the analysis. It had no effect on liver and kidney function except that GGT were decreased a little. There were no significant changes in IGF-1 and TNF-α related to tumor growth. Mental health improvement of cancer patients was supported by several trials. Taken together, findings in this study confirmed that the ketogenic diet was a safe approach for cancer patients reducing body weight and fat mass. In addition, cancer treatment-related indicators changed insignificantly. Ketogenic diets may be beneficial to the quality of life of cancer patients. However, intervention duration in most studies is shorter than 6 months, and the effect of a long-term ketogenic diet is still required further validation. More trials with a larger sample size are necessary to give a more conclusive result; PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021277559.

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“…Kanser, dünya çapında en büyük halk sağlığı sorunları arasında yer almakta olup kardiyovasküler hastalıklardan sonra gelen en yaygın ikinci hastalıktır (15,17). Kanser tedavilerinin önemi kadar sürdürülebilirliği sağlamak, süreci en verimli bir şekilde geçirmek için tıbbi beslenme tedavisi de oldukça önemlidir.…”

Section: Kanser Hastalarında Tıbbi Beslenme Tedavisiunclassified

Ketogenic Diet and Cancer

Yilmaz¹,

Özer²

2022

Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

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DERlEME KETOJENİK DİYET VE KANSER ÖzKanser, günümüz dünyasında en sık karşılaşılan bir sağlık sorunudur. Kanser, hücre veya hücre topluluğunun çeşitli çevresel veya genetik etmenlerle anormal bir şekilde çoğalması durumunda oluşan bir hastalıktır. Özellikle gelişen dünyada kanser sorunları gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Önemli ve ciddi bir halk sağlığı sorunu olan kanserin tam ve kesin bir tedavisi yoktur. Kanser, kemoterapi, radyaterapi, cerrahi operasyonlar gibi birçok tedavi yöntemiyle kontrol altında tutulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Son zamanlarda bu tıbbi tedavilerin yanında tıbbi beslenme tedavileri de ön plana çıkmakta ve birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri ise 1920'lerden beri epilepsi hastalarının tedavisinde kullanılan ketojenik diyettir. Ketojenik diyet tedavisinin kanserli hastalarda tümör büyümesini kontrol altına alan bir antikanser öge olacağı çalışmalarda sunulmuştur. Ketojenik diyet tedavisinde tek bir kanser türüne özgü olarak değil birçok kanser türünde başarılı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, ketojenik diyetin çeşitli kanser türlerinde beslenme tedavisi olarak kullanılmasının hastalarda meydana getirdiği etkilerini ve kullanımının güvenilirliğini literatürdeki çalışmalar ışığında değerlendirmektir. Bu derlemenin amacı, çeşitli kanser türlerinde ketojenik diyetin beslenme tedavisindeki rolünün etkinliği ve güvenilirliğini literatürdeki çalışmalar ışığında değerlendirmektir.

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Effectiveness of Ketogenic Diets on the Survival of Adult Oncological Patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Estrogen as an Essential Resource and the Coexistence of ER+ and ER– Cancer Cells

Estrogen as an Essential Resource and the Coexistence of ER+ and ER– Cancer Cells

Effect of Ketogenic Diets on Body Composition and Metabolic Parameters of Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ketogenic Diet and Cancer

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