Effectiveness of highway-drainage systems in preventing road-salt contamination of ground water, southeastern Massachusetts

Church, Peter E.

doi:10.3133/fs11596

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The outwash plain is bounded by till and bedrock hills on the north and west, and by the Cape Cod Canal to the south and east. The aquifer is underlain by heavily fractured crystalline bedrock that is predominantly granitic in composition and varies in texture from plutonic granite to granitic gneiss (Church et al 1996). Hansen and Lapham (1992) estimate a hydraulic conductivity range of 2 × 10 −4 to 1 × 10 −3 m/s for this part of the Plymouth‐Carver Aquifer; Weiskel and Howes (1991) summarize hydrogeologic studies near Buttermilk Bay with a hydraulic conductivity of 5 × 10 −4 m/s.…”

Section: Model Fittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Closed Form Slug Test Theory for High Permeability Aquifers

et al. 2005

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We incorporate a linear estimate of casing friction into the analytical slug test theory of Springer and Gelhar (1991) for high permeability aquifers. The modified theory elucidates the influence of inertia and casing friction on consistent, closed form equations for the free surface, pressure, and velocity fluctuations for overdamped and underdamped conditions. A consistent, but small, correction for kinetic energy is included as well. A characteristic velocity linearizes the turbulent casing shear stress so that an analytical solution for attenuated, phase shifted pressure fluctuations fits a single parameter (damping frequency) to transducer data from any depth in the casing. Underdamped slug tests of 0.3, 0.6, and 1 m amplitudes at five transducer depths in a 5.1 cm diameter PVC well 21 m deep in the Plymouth-Carver Aquifer yield a consistent hydraulic conductivity of 1.5 x 10(-3) m/s. The Springer and Gelhar (1991) model underestimates the hydraulic conductivity for these tests by as much as 25% by improperly ascribing smooth turbulent casing friction to the aquifer. The match point normalization of Butler (1998) agrees with our fitted hydraulic conductivity, however, when friction is included in the damping frequency. Zurbuchen et al. (2002) use a numerical model to establish a similar sensitivity of hydraulic conductivity to nonlinear casing friction.

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Section: Model Fittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Closed Form Slug Test Theory for High Permeability Aquifers

et al. 2005

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“…The pool was constructed to collect runoff generated by SR25, which opened in August 1987 (Church et al, 1996). The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection enacted restrictions on this area requiring the use of nonchloride deicing agents along a 1900 m section of highway impacting nearby cranberry bogs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface clade of Geobacteraceae that predominates in a diversity of Fe(III)-reducing subsurface environments

et al. 2007

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There are distinct differences in the physiology of Geobacter species available in pure culture. Therefore, to understand the ecology of Geobacter species in subsurface environments, it is important to know which species predominate. Clone libraries were assembled with 16S rRNA genes and transcripts amplified from three subsurface environments in which Geobacter species are known to be important members of the microbial community: (1) a uranium-contaminated aquifer located in Rifle, CO, USA undergoing in situ bioremediation; (2) an acetate-impacted aquifer that serves as an analog for the long-term acetate amendments proposed for in situ uranium bioremediation and (3) a petroleum-contaminated aquifer in which Geobacter species play a role in the oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons coupled with the reduction of Fe(III). The majority of Geobacteraceae 16S rRNA sequences found in these environments clustered in a phylogenetically coherent subsurface clade, which also contains a number of Geobacter species isolated from subsurface environments. Concatamers constructed with 43 Geobacter genes amplified from these sites also clustered within this subsurface clade. 16S rRNA transcript and gene sequences in the sediments and groundwater at the Rifle site were highly similar, suggesting that sampling groundwater via monitoring wells can recover the most active Geobacter species. These results suggest that further study of Geobacter species in the subsurface clade is necessary to accurately model the behavior of Geobacter species during subsurface bioremediation of metal and organic contaminants.

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“…In contrast, reaches upstream from lake diversions can have chloride More than 140,000 tons of deicing salts (primarily NaCl) are applied to the six-county area making up greater Chicago in a given year (Friederici 2004). Of that salt, about 55% is transported to surface water by runoff and the remainder is left to infiltrate the soil and groundwater (Church & Friesz 1993). In areas like Chicago that are served by combined sewers, much of the runoff and associated deicing salts are collected and contained in the effluent from the water-reclamation plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density currents in the Chicago River: Characterization, effects on water quality, and potential sources

Jackson

García

Oberg

et al. 2008

Science of The Total Environment

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Bidirectional flows in a river system can occur under stratified flow conditions and in addition to creating significant errors in discharge estimates, the upstream propagating currents are capable of transporting contaminants and affecting water quality. Detailed field observations of bidirectional flows were made in the Chicago River in Chicago, Illinois in the winter of 2005-06. Using multiple acoustic Doppler current profilers simultaneously with a water-quality profiler, the formation of upstream propagating density currents within the Chicago River both as an underflow and an overflow was observed on three occasions. Density differences driving the flow primarily arise from salinity differences between intersecting branches of the Chicago River, whereas water temperature is secondary in the creation of these currents. Deicing salts appear to be the primary source of salinity in the North Branch of the Chicago River, entering the waterway through direct runoff and effluent from a wastewater-treatment plant in a large metropolitan area primarily served by combined sewers. Water-quality assessments of the Chicago River may underestimate (or overestimate) the impairment of the river because standard water-quality monitoring practices do not account for density-driven underflows (or overflows). Chloride concentrations near the riverbed can significantly exceed concentrations at the river surface during underflows indicating that full-depth parameter profiles are necessary for accurate water-quality assessments in urban environments where application of deicing salt is common.

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Effectiveness of highway-drainage systems in preventing road-salt contamination of ground water, southeastern Massachusetts

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

A Closed Form Slug Test Theory for High Permeability Aquifers

A Closed Form Slug Test Theory for High Permeability Aquifers

Subsurface clade of Geobacteraceae that predominates in a diversity of Fe(III)-reducing subsurface environments

Density currents in the Chicago River: Characterization, effects on water quality, and potential sources

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