Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine Introduction Into Routine Childhood Immunization in Kenya

Cowgill, Karen D.; Ndiritu, Moses; Nyiro, Joyce U.; Slack, Mary P. E.; Chiphatsi, Salome; Ismail, Amina; Kamau, Tatu; Mwangi, Isaiah; English, Mike; Newton, Charles R.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Scott, J. Anthony G.

doi:10.1001/jama.296.6.671

Cited by 167 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although the number of Hib cases in children < 5 years of age decreased from 30 in 2006 to just four in 2008, the number of S. pneumoniae or N. meningitidis cases reported through the regional system remained relatively Table 3 Suspected and confirmed 12 Ribiero and others 20 reported an 8-fold increase in the incidence of meningitis from H. influenzae serotype a in the year after Hib vaccine introduction in Brazil (coincident with a 69% decrease in incidence of Hib meningitis), whereas Cowgill and others 16 reported no increase in Hib disease caused by non-b typable or noncapsular H. influenzae serotypes in Kenya.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospital Surveillance of Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Senegal and the Introduction of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine

Ba¹,

Fleming²,

Dièye³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Bacterial meningitis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children living in low-resource settings. Pediatric bacterial meningitis cases < 5 years of age were identified through a regional hospital surveillance system for 3 years after introduction of routine immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine in Senegal in July 2005. Cases from the national pediatric hospital were also tracked from 2002 to 2008. The regional surveillance system recorded 1,711 suspected pediatric bacterial meningitis cases. Of 214 laboratory-confirmed cases, 108 (50%) were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae , 42 (20%) to Hib, and 13 (6%) to Neisseria meningitidis . There was a 98% reduction in the number of hospitalized Hib meningitis cases from Dakar Region in 2008 compared with 2002. The surveillance system provides important information to the Ministry of Health as they consider self-funding Hib vaccine and introducing pneumococcal vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospital Surveillance of Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Senegal and the Introduction of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine

Ba¹,

Fleming²,

Dièye³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Among the various types of H. influenzae, H. influenzae serotype b (Hib) is the most common and virulent type. By virtue of Hib vaccination, the incidence of Hib infections is decreasing (1)(2)(3). In contrast, the incidence of non-b-type and nontypable H. influenzae infections is increasing (4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Soft Tissue Infection of the Lower Extremity Caused by <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (serotype f, biotype II) in an Adult Patient

et al. 2012

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The infection caused by non-b-type Haemophilus influenzae has been increasing in this Hib (H.influenzae serotype b) vaccination era. H.influenzae serotype f (Hif) is considered as one of those emerging pathogens. In general, H.influenzae is a common pathogen of such as pneumonia, otitis media, and meningitis, but is rare in soft tissue infection, especially at the extremity. We report a rare case of severe soft tissue infection caused by Hif which occurred at the lower extremity of immunocompetent adult patient.

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“…Attempts to study vaccine performance have been published from Malawi [84] and Kenya [97], showing either very low patient numbers or low HIV-1 seroprevalence, respectively. Most of our currently understanding of Hib vaccine in this population, comes from a study performed in South Africa.…”

Section: Hib Vaccination and Hiv-1 Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines – A South African perspective

Visser

Hoosen

2012

Vaccine

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Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine Introduction Into Routine Childhood Immunization in Kenya

Abstract: In Kenya, introduction of Hib vaccine into the routine childhood immunization program reduced Hib disease incidence among children younger than 5 years to 12% of its baseline level. This impact was not observed until the third year after vaccine introduction.

Cited by 167 publications

References 28 publications

Hospital Surveillance of Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Senegal and the Introduction of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine

Hospital Surveillance of Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Senegal and the Introduction of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine

Severe Soft Tissue Infection of the Lower Extremity Caused by <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (serotype f, biotype II) in an Adult Patient

Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines – A South African perspective

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