Effectiveness of Gas and Chimney Biomass Stoves for Reducing Household Air Pollution Pregnancy Exposure in Guatemala: Sociodemographic Effect Modifiers

Grajeda, Laura M.; Thompson, Lisa; Arriaga, William; Canúz, Eduardo; Omer, Saad B.; Sage, Michael D.; Azziz‐Baumgartner, Eduardo; Bryan, Joe P.; McCracken, John P.

doi:10.3390/ijerph17217723

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, there was a 33% reduction in personal exposure to PM 2.5 in pregnant women associated with using LPG for cooking instead of biomass in an effectiveness study in rural Mexico [ 26 ]. Another study in Guatemala showed similar statistics, supporting the health benefits of LPG stove usage when compared to more traditional methods [ 25 ]. Despite this significant finding that LPG stoves can reduce the level of PM 2.5 in a household, PM concentrations in our study still exceeded the WHO recommendation for an annual mean of 35 μg/m 3 and a 24 h mean of 25 μg/m 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…It is likely that an LPG stove can help lower indoor PM 2.5 levels to the WHO target of 10 μg/m 3 , which is highly favorable compared to other speculated interventions with improved biomass cookstoves [ 22 , 24 ]. Two studies have estimated a ≈33% reduction in personal exposure to PM 2.5 in pregnant women associated with using LPG fuels instead of biomass fuels [ 25 , 26 ]. Likewise, studies have shown that CO concentrations decrease with the use of LPG stoves [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pregnant Women’s Exposure to Household Air Pollution in Rural Bangladesh: A Feasibility Study for Poriborton: The CHANge Trial

Thornburg

Islam

Billah

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for cooking is a strategy to reduce household air pollution (HAP) exposure and improve health. We conducted this feasibility study to evaluate personal exposure measurement methods to representatively assess reductions in HAP exposure. We enrolled 30 pregnant women to wear a MicroPEM for 24 h to assess their HAP exposure when cooking with a traditional stove (baseline) and with an LPG stove (intervention). The women wore the MicroPEM an average of 77% and 69% of the time during the baseline and intervention phases, respectively. Mean gravimetric PM2.5 mass and black carbon concentrations were comparable during baseline and intervention. Temporal analysis of the MicroPEM nephelometer data identified high PM2.5 concentrations in the afternoon, late evening, and overnight during the intervention phase. Likely seasonal sources present during the intervention phase were emissions from brick kiln and rice parboiling facilities, and evening kerosene lamp and mosquito coil use. Mean background adjusted PM2.5 concentrations during cooking were lower during intervention at 71 μg/m3, versus 105 μg/m3 during baseline. Representative real-time personal PM2.5 concentration measurements supplemented with ambient PM2.5 measures and surveys will be a valuable tool to disentangle external sources of PM2.5, other indoor HAP sources, and fuel-sparing behaviors when assessing the HAP reduction due to intervention with LPG stoves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnant Women’s Exposure to Household Air Pollution in Rural Bangladesh: A Feasibility Study for Poriborton: The CHANge Trial

Thornburg

Islam

Billah

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…In Rwanda, a trial of rocket-style cookstoves and water filters reported median exposures of 158 and 146 μg/m 3 in the control and intervention arms, respectively, for the primary cook (compared to 80 μg/m 3 in the control arm and 28-34 μg/m 3 post-intervention for the HAPIN site in Rwanda) (Kirby et al 2019). A study of pregnant women in Guatemala reported median exposures of 148 μg/m 3 for open fire users and 55 μg/m 3 for those using LPG (compared to 94-98 μg/m 3 in the control arm and 23-24 μg/m 3 in the intervention arm for the HAPIN site in Guatemala) (Grajeda et al 2020), while in India the Tamil Nadu Air Pollution and Health Effects (TAPHE) cohort study of pregnant women estimated median PM 2.5 exposures of 75 μg/m 3 for biomass stove users and 46 μg/m 3 for those using primarily LPG (compared to 67-68 and 25-29 μg/m 3 in the control and intervention arms, respectively, for the HAPIN site in Tamil Nadu, India) (Balakrishnan et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure contrasts of pregnant women during the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network randomized controlled trial

Johnson

Pillarisetti

Piedrahita

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundExposure to PM2.5 arising from solid fuel combustion is estimated to result in approximately 2.3 million premature deaths and 90 million lost disability-adjusted life years annually. ‘Clean’ cooking interventions attempting to mitigate this burden have had limited success in reducing exposures to levels that may yield improved health outcomes.ObjectivesThis paper reports exposure reductions achieved by a liquified petroleum gas (LPG) stove and fuel intervention for pregnant mothers in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) randomized controlled trial.MethodsThe HAPIN trial included 3,195 households primarily using biomass for cooking in Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. 24-hour exposures to PM2.5, carbon monoxide (CO), and black carbon (BC) were measured for pregnant women once before randomization into control (n=1605) and LPG arms (n=1590) and twice thereafter (aligned with trimester). Changes in exposure were estimated by directly comparing exposures between intervention and control arms and by using linear mixed-effect models to estimate the impact of the intervention on exposure levels.ResultsMedian exposures of PM2.5, BC, and CO post-randomization in the intervention arm were lower by 66% (70.7 versus 24.0 μg/m3), 71% (9.6 versus 2.8 μg/m3), and 83% (1.2 versus ppm), respectively, compared to the control arm. Exposure reductions were similar across research locations. Post-intervention PM2.5 exposures in the intervention arm were at the lower end of what has been reported for LPG and other clean fuel interventions, with 69% of PM2.5 samples falling below the WHO Annual Interim Target 1 of 35 μg/m3.DiscussionThis study indicates that an LPG intervention with high displacement of traditional cooking can reduce exposures to levels thought to be associated with health benefits. Success in reducing exposures was likely due to strong performance of, and high adherence to the intervention.

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“…1 Individuals affected by BSE mainly women who use biomass for cooking in underdeveloped rural areas; these individuals have relatively lower socioeconomic status. [5][6][7][8] BSE has received insufficient attention. [9][10][11] For example, among users of Douyin (a popular social media service in China), there are currently 198 accounts that promote smoking cessation-related content; by contrast, only one professional account addresses the risks of biomass smoke pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Features in Individuals with Biomass Smoke Exposure Characterized by CT Scan and Changes in Pulmonary Function

Chen¹,

Jiang²,

Zheng³

et al. 2021

COPD

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Background and Objective To determine the effects of BSE (biomass smoke exposure) on pulmonary and non-pulmonary changes in patients with COPD compared with normal individuals. Methods Using a cohort, we recruited 16 healthy individuals with BSE (BSE normal), 19 patients with BSE+COPD, 13 healthy individuals with cigarette smoke exposure (CSE normal), 25 patients with CSE+COPD, and 25 healthy controls. Patients with GOLD stage I and II COPD were included. Baseline data (demographic data, BSE or CSE, lung function, and CT findings) and follow-up lung function data were collected. CT parameters of emphysema, pulmonary small vessels, airway remodeling, pectoralis muscles, and erector spinae muscle were measured. Results Individuals with BSE were mainly women (32/35, 91.43%). Compared with the CSE+COPD group, the BSE+COPD group demonstrated slower lung function decline, increased lower lung emphysema, narrower airway lumen dimensions and increased airway wall thickening in the moderate and small airways (all P <0.05). Compared with healthy controls, the CSE normal and BSE normal groups exhibited significant reductions in pulmonary small vessel area and obvious airway remodeling in small airways ( P <0.05). Compared with the BSE normal group, the BSE+COPD group showed significantly more severe emphysema and airway remodeling, as well as reduced left pectoralis major muscle area (all P <0.05). Conclusion Healthy individuals with BSE had reduced pulmonary small vessel area and evidence of airway remodeling; patients with BSE and COPD showed more severe emphysema, airway remodeling, and reductions in pectoralis major muscle area. Clinical Trial Registration ChiCTR-OO-14004264.

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Effectiveness of Gas and Chimney Biomass Stoves for Reducing Household Air Pollution Pregnancy Exposure in Guatemala: Sociodemographic Effect Modifiers

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Pregnant Women’s Exposure to Household Air Pollution in Rural Bangladesh: A Feasibility Study for Poriborton: The CHANge Trial

Pregnant Women’s Exposure to Household Air Pollution in Rural Bangladesh: A Feasibility Study for Poriborton: The CHANge Trial

Exposure contrasts of pregnant women during the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network randomized controlled trial

Lung Features in Individuals with Biomass Smoke Exposure Characterized by CT Scan and Changes in Pulmonary Function

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