“…Cross-sectional studies have found that EE is linked to more relapses, longer hospitalizations, and more severe psychiatric symptoms and functional impairments among psychiatric patients (Cechnicki, Bielańska, Hanuszkiewicz, & Daren, 2013; Domínguez-Martínez, Medina-Pradas, Kwapil, & Barrantes-Vidal, 2014; Hooley, Orley, & Teasdale, 1986; Miklowitz, Goldstein, Nuechterlein, Snyder, & Mintz, 1988). Further, intervention studies have demonstrated that patients whose family members receive EE-related psychoeducation have better clinical outcomes (Leff, Kuipers, Berkowitz, Eberlein-Vries, & Sturgeon, 1982; Tomás et al, 2012).…”