Effectiveness of dietary interventions on weight outcomes in childhood: a systematic review meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Long, Qi; Zhang, Ting; Chen, Fei; Wang, Wenqiao; Chen, Xia; Ma, Ming

doi:10.21037/tp-20-183

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Thirty-one SRs were included in this umbrella review . SRs examined nutrition interventions for pediatric obesity prevention in all settings combined [20,22,30,33,34,43,44,47] or in the home and family [20,22,35], healthcare [22,37,49,50], school [20,22,23,25,[27][28][29]36,38,[40][41][42]46], or community settings [21,22], or examined the efficacy of food assistance programs [24,26,27,31,32,39] or electronic interventions [45,48]. The study selection process is described in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eight included SRs examined the impact of nutrition interventions for pediatric obesity prevention in all settings, including in all ages combined [20,34,43,47], or in those ≤5 years [22], 6-12 years [20,22,44], or 13-17 years [22,30,33]. The eight SRs analyzed data from a total of 142 primary studies, and 33 of these studies were represented in more than one SR.…”

Section: All Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four SRs examined the effect of nutrition interventions for pediatric obesity prevention in combined age groups [20,34,43,47]. Results are described in Table 3 [34].…”

Section: Age Groups Combinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four SRs examined the effect of nutrition interventions for pediatric obesity prevention in combined age groups [20,34,43,47]. Results are described in Table 3 [34]. In Abdel Rahman et al 2018, there was no effect of the interventions to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage intake on BMI z-scores in three primary studies [20].…”

Section: Age Groups Combinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutrition Interventions for Pediatric Obesity Prevention: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

Rozga,

Handu

2023

Nutrients

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Nutrition interventions to prevent pediatric obesity can help to establish healthy habits to improve current and future health. The objective of this umbrella review of systematic reviews (SRs) is to examine the impact of obesity prevention interventions with a nutrition component on body mass index measures, overweight/obesity prevalence, and cost-effectiveness in participants 2–17 years old. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods were used, and this umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023443033). Included SRs were required to search ≥2 databases and to assess the risk of bias (RoB) of primary studies, and they were published 2017–June 2023. Database searches identified 4776 articles, and 31 SRs were included. In all age groups combined, interventions with both nutrition and physical activity were effective and cost-effective in all settings combined, and in the community setting specifically. In children ≤5 years old, interventions in the home and family, community, and healthcare settings demonstrated some efficacy, whereas in children 6–12 years old, school interventions were most effective. Evidence with individuals 13–17 years was limited. The certainty of evidence was generally low due to RoB in included studies, inconsistency, and imprecision. Pediatric obesity prevention interventions with nutrition should be tailored to the developmental stage to ensure appropriateness and efficacy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: All Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four SRs examined the effect of nutrition interventions for pediatric obesity prevention in combined age groups [20,34,43,47]. Results are described in Table 3 [34].…”

Section: Age Groups Combinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Age Groups Combinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutrition Interventions for Pediatric Obesity Prevention: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

Rozga,

Handu

2023

Nutrients

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“…An increasing number of studies show that treatment of ChO is complicated, providing mixed results ( 10 , 11 ) and mostly small, short-term reductions in weight and body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents ( 11 – 14 ). Weight reduction in ChO may also have only minor positive effects on cardiometabolic risk profiles, particularly in boys ( 15 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Unhealthy Weight, Disordered Eating, and Poor Body Image in Children. Perspectives From Norwegian Parents and Healthcare Professionals

Fiskum

Riiber²,

Eik‐Nes

2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundChildhood obesity (ChO) and eating disorders are on the rise, with concerning effects on health. Early prevention is essential as interventions after problems arise are costly and with a low success rate. In Norway, prevention of ChO has been largely weight-centered, without desired effects. Confident Body, Confident Child (CBCC) is a universal program aimed at preventing ChO, disturbed eating, and body image problems through a health-centered intervention for parents of children between 2 and 6 years. The current study is part of a cultural adaptation and translation of CBCC into Norwegian.MethodsFocus groups with parents (n = 16) and professionals (n = 11) were held around healthy eating, activity, and body image, with an emphasis on possible barriers for prevention as well as approaches considered helpful. The interviews were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsParents and professionals described parental stress connected to high standards, conflicting information, and parental comparison. A narrowing sense of normality around healthy living was described with little flexibility resulting in “all-or-nothing” thinking. Parents were anxious to say or do the wrong thing when regulating children's food intake and when faced with comments about appearance. Parents and professionals described parental concern around children not eating enough, and professionals described an increase in parents using food as regulation. Both parents and professionals expressed that having a child with overweight was tied to a sense of failure and shame. Interventions related to overweight seemed to increase stress and shame, further complicating follow-up. As an alternative, parents and professionals expressed a desire for interventions with normalizing information around “good-enough” parenting related to food and weight.DiscussionThe described fear of doing something wrong and lack of flexibility is interpreted within a stress-sensitive understanding, where stress and shame can influence parents toward mobilizing action or disengagement, presenting as dichotomous behaviors of “all-or-nothing”.ConclusionInterventions that can normalize parental concerns in a non-moralizing way may reduce stress and shame. CBCC addresses all the major concerns raised in this study, providing parents with evidence-based information they can implement into everyday life. The Norwegian cultural adaptation added extra emphasis on normalization and shame-reduction.

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Dementia and Cognitive Impairment

Chong,

Tang

2025

International Encyclopedia of Public Health

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Effectiveness of dietary interventions on weight outcomes in childhood: a systematic review meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Nutrition Interventions for Pediatric Obesity Prevention: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

Nutrition Interventions for Pediatric Obesity Prevention: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

Prevention of Unhealthy Weight, Disordered Eating, and Poor Body Image in Children. Perspectives From Norwegian Parents and Healthcare Professionals

Dementia and Cognitive Impairment

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