Effectiveness of Cup Therapy on Reducing Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients: A Literature Review

Abstract

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is the cause of premature death in the world. The diagnosis of hypertension is made when the systolic blood pressure is 140 mmHg and/or diastolic is 90 mmHg. Patients with hypertension are quite high, in the world there are 22% of the population, in Indonesia there are 63,309,620 people with hypertension. However, many people with hypertension are not obedient in its management. People prefer alternative medicine for reasons of affordable cost, not using chemicals, and the healing effect is quite significant. The purpose of this study was to identify the benefits of cupping, types of effective cupping and effective cupping points and the level of effectiveness of cupping therapy in reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative approach with a literature study method, literature search and selection using PICOST which is then analyzed by Compare and Synthesize. The results of the analysis stated that cupping was effective for reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension, ranging from 12 -28.57 mmHg in SBP and in DBP decreased by 2.89-14.4 mmHg. The type of cupping that is effective is wet cupping at the top of the head and neck because this cupping goes through a detoxification mechanism at the point where there is a pathway that goes directly to the deepest part of the brain and is covered with blood vessels. Cupping is effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension, with the type and point of effective cupping being wet cupping at the top of the head and neck. Cupping needs to be made one of the compulsory subjects of the nursing science study program, so that in the future complementary therapy can be further enhanced in its promotion and application in cases of hypertension. It is also necessary to conduct further research regarding the effective duration of cupping to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients.