Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant (B.1.1.529): A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression

Abstract

Vaccine effectiveness (VE) and the urgency of booster vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant need evaluation. A systematic search was conducted from 1–6 April, 2022. VE difference (VED) estimates were assessed using random-effects and meta-regression analyses were performed for evaluating VE over time. Compared to full dose, booster dose of overall vaccines provided better protection against any and severe Omicron infections within 3 months (p < 0.001), and within 3 months or more in any, severe, and symptomatic infections (p < 0.001). From meta-regression analysis of overall vaccines, the full-dose VE against any and symptomatic Omicron infections reduced per month by 2.45% and 5.5%, respectively; whereas booster dose effectiveness against any and symptomatic Omicron infections reduced per month by 1.79% and 1.14%, respectively. The VE estimates of booster dose provide excellent protection against symptomatic infection compared to full dose. The VE estimates of Ad26.COV2.S, BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 nCov-19, and mRNA-1273 against Omicron infection are generally moderate, despite the VE estimates declining over time.

Management of patients with multiple myeloma and COVID-19 in the post pandemic era: a consensus paper from the European Myeloma Network (EMN)

“…Although novel SARS-CoV-2 variants are more transmissible than previous strains and they may compromise vaccine effectiveness, booster vaccination is effective against symptomatic infection from the Omicron variants. However, vaccine effectiveness wanes over time [ 60 ].…”

The potential clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of the updated COVID-19 mRNA Fall 2023 vaccines in the United States

“…23 As this study had no outcomes related to infection, the estimate of the initial VE against infection was based on a meta-analysis of monovalent versions of the vaccines administered during the Omicron period. 24 For the comparison between the Moderna Fall Campaign and the No Fall Vaccine Campaign, several scenario analyses were conducted by varying the initial VE and monthly waning rates according to the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) displayed in Table 1 18 For those aged ≥18 years, the rVE for Moderna compared to Pfizer against hospitalizations was 9.8% (95% CI 2.6%-16.4%), while the rVE against outpatient visits, which was used as a proxy for infections, was 5.1% (95% CI: 3.2%-6.9%). For all analyses, the Pfizer VE was calculated based on Moderna VE, reduced by these rVE values, as shown in Table 1.…”

“…22 Data on the VE against infection are more variable, and therefore the results of a meta-analyses were used. 24 While a poorly matched vaccine would provide some protection, it would likely be associated with lower initial vaccine effectiveness and possibly also faster waning of response.…”

Intensive Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…Although many pharmaceutical candidates have been proposed to prevent and treat patients with COVID-19 infections, there is still no effective drug yet. Therefore, in response to the current pandemic, and in addition to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as social distancing, increased hand hygiene, and the wearing of surgical masks, vaccination is expected to be a safe and effective way to help build the immune barrier [ 10 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. To date, there are more than 200 COVID-19 vaccine candidates in various stages of development, and more than 50 vaccine candidates have entered clinical trials, including the use of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA), inactivated or live attenuated viruses, viral vectors, and recombinant proteins or virus particles [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”