Effectiveness of a Red-visor Cap for Preventing Light-induced Melatonin Suppression during Simulated Night Work

Higuchi, Shigekazu; Fukuda, Takayuki; Kozaki, Tomoaki; Takahashi, Masaya; Miura, Nobuhiko

doi:10.2114/jpa2.30.251

Cited by 16 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Most studies (n = 19) included both sexes. One study was focused only on women [120], with nine studies only on men [121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129], and, in five studies, the sex was not specified [130][131][132][133][134]. Excluding 179 persons, for which sex or number of participants in each sex group was not specified, the majority of the remaining 1136 participants was male (n = 611, 53.8%).…”

Section: Mammals (Humans) (A) Description Of Studies and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies evaluated adolescents (age 13-18 years) and compared the results with adult participants [136,137]. Mean age of participants was 25 years in eight studies [123,124,[126][127][128][129]133,138], with a range of 18 to 30 years in eleven studies [117,121,122,127,131,[139][140][141][142][143][144]. Participants with an age range to 40 years were included in six studies [125,132,[145][146][147][148], those with an age range to 50 years were included in three studies [134,136,149], and those with an age range from 18 to 60 years were included in four studies [120,137,150,151].…”

Section: Mammals (Humans) (A) Description Of Studies and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MEL-melatonin, aMT6s-6-sulfatoxymelatonin, SUP-suppression, SIGN-significant, NS-not significant, MEF-melanopic efficacy, CON-control, AUC-area under the curve, CS-circadian stimulus (measure of the effectiveness of the retinal light stimulus for the human circadian system), CT-circadian time, M-male, F-female. Illuminance between 10 and 50 lx was most often used in selected studies [117,120,122,123,126,128,130,133,135,139,140,143,[149][150][151]. Illuminance <1 lx was analyzed in one study [139], illuminance <5 lx was analyzed in four studies [119,129,131,134], and illuminance <10 lx was analyzed in five studies [127,130,142,145,147].…”

Section: Mammals (Humans) (A) Description Of Studies and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polychromatic light was used in most studies [117,122,124,126,127,129,131,134,138,139,[141][142][143][145][146][147][149][150][151]. Some studies examined effects of monochromatic light [120,144], LED monochromatic light [123,132,148], or LED polychromatic light [136,137].…”

Section: Number Gender (M F) Age Of Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light Pollution, Circadian Photoreception, and Melatonin in Vertebrates

et al. 2019

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) is increasing exponentially worldwide, accelerated by the transition to new efficient lighting technologies. However, ALAN and resulting light pollution can cause unintended physiological consequences. In vertebrates, production of melatonin—the “hormone of darkness” and a key player in circadian regulation—can be suppressed by ALAN. In this paper, we provide an overview of research on melatonin and ALAN in vertebrates. We discuss how ALAN disrupts natural photic environments, its effect on melatonin and circadian rhythms, and different photoreceptor systems across vertebrate taxa. We then present the results of a systematic review in which we identified studies on melatonin under typical light-polluted conditions in fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, including humans. Melatonin is suppressed by extremely low light intensities in many vertebrates, ranging from 0.01–0.03 lx for fishes and rodents to 6 lx for sensitive humans. Even lower, wavelength-dependent intensities are implied by some studies and require rigorous testing in ecological contexts. In many studies, melatonin suppression occurs at the minimum light levels tested, and, in better-studied groups, melatonin suppression is reported to occur at lower light levels. We identify major research gaps and conclude that, for most groups, crucial information is lacking. No studies were identified for amphibians and reptiles and long-term impacts of low-level ALAN exposure are unknown. Given the high sensitivity of vertebrate melatonin production to ALAN and the paucity of available information, it is crucial to research impacts of ALAN further in order to inform effective mitigation strategies for human health and the wellbeing and fitness of vertebrates in natural ecosystems.

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Section: Mammals (Humans) (A) Description Of Studies and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mammals (Humans) (A) Description Of Studies and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mammals (Humans) (A) Description Of Studies and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Number Gender (M F) Age Of Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light Pollution, Circadian Photoreception, and Melatonin in Vertebrates

et al. 2019

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“…26 For example, orangetinted goggles have been shown to block the melatoninsuppressing effect of light significantly more than neutral gray density goggles. 30 Other tools include red visor caps, 31 lighting changes in the work environment, or the Redshift application for digital screens.…”

Section: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift Workers at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome

Kulkarni¹,

Schow²,

Shubrook³

2020

Journal of Osteopathic Medicine

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In this highly digitalized era, sleep disorders are becoming more common and are associated with an increased burden of chronic disease. Shift workers are at an increased risk for both sleep disorders and metabolic syndrome. In this article, the authors outline the connection between circadian discordance, hormonal imbalance, and the development of metabolic syndrome in shift workers. Based on a literature review of animal model studies, observational studies, and clinical trials conducted between August and October of 2018, the authors offer several clinical interventions, including work schedules, light therapy, medications, and dietary habits to improve the circadian synchronicity of shift workers and reduce their risk of morbidity and mortality. It is important for physicians to be familiar with the consequences of shift work and ways to mitigate the risks for this patient population. M any of the human body's neurohormonal cascades, including key metabolic cascades and the sleep-wake cycle, follow 24-hour rhythms. These circadian rhythms evolve in response to a light-dark cycle established by sunrise and sunset along with the daily rhythm of other external factors, such as temperature and noise.Today, people are exposed to synthetic light, heat, and other stimulating cues that do not follow a 24-hour cyclic pattern. These synthetic factors interfere with the carefully coordinated interplay between external regulators and the endogenous maintenance of circadian rhythms. 1 Shift workers are increasingly affected by this phenomenon. 2 This discordance among shift workers has been linked to disruption in the sleep-wake cycle and metabolic pathways, leading to sleep deprivation and an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. 3In this review, we discuss the relationship between metabolic syndrome and shift work. We completed PubMed searches in August and October 2018 using the following keywords: "shift worker demographics," "metabolic syndrome and shift workers," "risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in shift work," "circadian rhythm and shift work," "cortisol release and shift work," "shift work and exercise habits," "shift work and nutrition habits," "circadian rhythm discordance and metabolic syndrome," "sleep hygiene and shift work disorder," "nutrition and sleep hygiene," "exercise and cortisol release," "sleep disorders and shift work," "sleep disorders and metabolic syndrome," "osteopathic manipulation and sleep latency," "shift work and heart rate variability," and "osteopathic manipulation and heart rate variability." Of the literature reviewed, 38 articles were experimental studies (animal model or clinical trials), 35 were review articles, and 17 were observational studies. Based on this literature

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