Effectiveness of a large-scale distribution programme of free nicotine patches: a prospective evaluation

Miller, Nancy Houston; Frieden, Thomas R.; Liu, Sze Yan; Matte, Thomas; Mostashari, Farzad; Deitcher, Deborah; Cummings, K. Michael; Chang, Christina C.; Bauer, Ursula E.; Bassett, Mary T.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)66615-9

Cited by 160 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This is of interest because, as overall about 18% of quit attempters in the control group used a medication (data from Table 3), then, based on the above statement, I would assume about 18% of smokers who did not attempt to quit also used a stop smoking treatment in the next 6 months. This level of use of medication by smokers not trying to stop would contradict prior surveys [2] and would suggest widespread misuse of medications. Perhaps the authors could clarify this.…”

contrasting

confidence: 57%

Mechanism of Action of a Decision Aid for Smoking Cessation Treatment

Hughes

2006

Addiction

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Willemsen et al . [1] reported that an innovative intervention to help smokers decide on the use of efficacious smoking cessation treatments increased quit attempts and point prevalence abstinence. They also concluded that, surprisingly, this occurred despite the fact that the aid 'failed to increase the usage of efficacious treatment'. I think this latter conclusion may be incorrect. This conclusion was evidently based on a comparison of the incidence of use of treatments in intervention versus control groups 'among respondents who made a quit attempt' in which the 95% CI for the difference always included 0. The authors acknowledge that this non-significant difference may be due to the smaller sample size of the subset of quit attempters ( n = 264). When I calculated the odds ratio for use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in intervention versus control it was 1.8 and for bupropion it was 1.4. These are of the same magnitude as the effect of the intervention on quit attempts and abstinence (O R s = 1.5). To me, this suggests that changes in medication use may have been real and, thus, the abovequoted conclusion in the abstract (based on the P < 0.05 rule) may be misleading.One other puzzling finding is that p. 446 states: 'Those who attempted to quit and those who did not make a quit attempt did not differ significantly with respect to the usage of treatment aids'. I would conjecture that this result occurred due the very broad definition of treatment (e.g. including unsolicited brief advice from others). It would be interesting to hear from the authors whether this result occurred when medications were examined. This is of interest because, as overall about 18% of quit attempters in the control group used a medication (data from Table 3), then, based on the above statement, I would assume about 18% of smokers who did not attempt to quit also used a stop smoking treatment in the next 6 months. This level of use of medication by smokers not trying to stop would contradict prior surveys [2] and would suggest widespread misuse of medications. Perhaps the authors could clarify this.

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confidence: 57%

Mechanism of Action of a Decision Aid for Smoking Cessation Treatment

Hughes

2006

Addiction

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“…There is still much room for improvement and a clear need to determine innovative strategies for increasing awareness and actual use of quitlines. At present, several studies have shown that delivering medications significantly increases call volume compared to quitlines not offering free medication (Cummings et al, 2006;Maher et al, 2007;Miller et al, 2005;Miller & Sedivy, 2009;Schillo et al, 2007;Tinkelman, Wilson, Willett, & Sweeney, 2007). This could suggest that the delivery of our sampling-based intervention may be especially well suited to quitlines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Evaluating the Effect of Access to Free Medication to Quit Smoking: A Clinical Trial Testing the Role of Motivation

Jardin

Cropsey

Wahlquist

et al. 2014

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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“…New York City's experience with incorporating a cessation-services component into their program, which included physician outreach and education, quit-smoking clinics, and population-wide distribution of free nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT), was associated with greater use of cessation services, greater quit rates, and reductions in smoking prevalence, particularly among young women. 86,87 Part of this strategy also includes implementation of statewide, tobacco-cessation, telephone counseling. These toll-free services, which have a broad reach, can deliver effective behavioral counseling to diverse groups of tobacco users, including low-income, rural, elderly, uninsured, and racial/ethnic subpopulations of smokers.…”

Section: Smoke-free Initiatives To Reduce Exposure To Secondhand Smokementioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco Control in the United States--Recent Progress And Opportunities

Cokkinides

Bandi

McMahon

et al. 2009

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

106

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Effective tobacco control efforts have resulted in substantial declines in tobacco use and tobacco-related cancer deaths in the United States. Nearly 40% of reductions in male lung cancer deaths between 1991 and 2003 can be attributed to smoking declines in the last half century. Nevertheless, tobacco use still remains the single, largest preventable cause of disease and premature death in the United States. Each year, smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke result in nearly half a million premature deaths of which nearly one-third are due to cancer. In a previous report, we described youth and adult smoking prevalence and patterns and discussed policy measures that had proven effective in comprehensive tobacco control. In this report, we update trends in youth and adult smoking prevalence. We find that while adult smoking prevalence has declined overall, socioeconomic gradients in smoking still persist within race and ethnic subgroups. In addition, we describe the diffusion of tobacco-control strategies at the national, state, and community level. Although recent developments, such as the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) regulation of tobacco products, hold promise for tobacco control, there continues to be a need for broader dissemination of sustainably funded comprehensive national and state tobacco-control programs.

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Effectiveness of a large-scale distribution programme of free nicotine patches: a prospective evaluation

Cited by 160 publications

References 20 publications

Mechanism of Action of a Decision Aid for Smoking Cessation Treatment

Mechanism of Action of a Decision Aid for Smoking Cessation Treatment

Evaluating the Effect of Access to Free Medication to Quit Smoking: A Clinical Trial Testing the Role of Motivation

Tobacco Control in the United States--Recent Progress And Opportunities

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