Effectiveness and safety of olive oil preparation for topical use in pressure ulcer prevention: Multicentre, controlled, randomised, and double‐blinded clinical trial

Abstract

This non‐inferiority, multicentre, randomised, controlled, and double‐blinded clinical trial compared the therapeutic effectiveness of the topical application of an olive oil solution with that of a hyperoxygenated fatty acid compound for the prevention of pressure ulcers in at‐risk nursing home residents. The study population comprised 571 residents of 23 nursing homes with pressure ulcer risk, randomly assigned to a hyperoxygenated fatty acid group (n = 288) or olive oil solution group (n = 283). Both solutions were applied on at‐risk skin areas every 12 hours for 30 days or until pressure ulcer onset. The main outcome variable was the pressure ulcer incidence. The absolute risk difference was estimated (with 95% CI) using Kaplan‐Meier survival and Cox regression curves. The groups did not significantly differ in any study variable at baseline. The pressure ulcer incidence was 4.18% in the olive oil group vs 6.57% in the control group, with an incidence difference of −2.39% (95% CI = −6.40 to 1.56%), which is within the pre‐established non‐inferiority margin of ±7%, thus supporting the study hypothesis. We present the first evidence of the effectiveness and safety of the topical application of olive oil to prevent pressure ulcers in the institutionalised elderly.

Anti-Inflammatory and Restorative Effects of Olives in Topical Application

“…is substance, which is called oleocanthal [60], can have an analgesic effect by a mechanism similar to ibuprofen, which suppresses the production of prostaglandins [61][62][63][64][65], so it can relieve wound pain. It is important to note that several studies [4,6,27] have shown that olive oil has no side effects for consumers.…”

“…Díaz-Valenzuela et al investigated the effect of olives on the prevention of pressure ulcers in 571 patients with pressure ulcers. The results showed that the incidence of pressure ulcers in the olive oil solution group was 4.18% and in the HOFA group was 6.57% [ 27 ]. In a clinical trial, Bajwa et al examined the effect of olive oil on the prevention of bed ulcer in 60 patients admitted to the ICU, and the results showed that the incidence of bed ulcer was significantly different between the two groups ( P =0.03), so that the incident of bed ulcer in the OO group was significantly lower than the control group [ 28 ].…”

Tinjauan Literatur : EFEKTIFITAS MINYAK ZAITUN DALAM PENCEGAHAN ULKUS DEKUBITUS

“…Salah satu pelembab kulit yang paling sering digunakan dan banyak diteliti adalah minyak zaitun atau olive oil. 3,11 Minyak zaitun telah diketahui memiliki efek antiinflamasi yang dapat merekonstruksi membran sel, memberikan kehalusan yang lebih tinggi ke dermis dengan mengembalikan tingkat kelembaban kulit dan memberikan elastisitas. Selain itu, minyak zaitun mengandung vitamin E, senyawa fenolik dan klorofil yang memiliki kekuatan antioksidan sehingga dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan dermis.…”

The Prevention of Ulcers Decubitus with Mobilization and The Usage of Olive Oil on Stroke Patients

“…Skincare by using olive oil intake is given to prevent the occurrence of the decubitus ulcer, inflammation, wound healing process is caused by fatty acids, vitamin E, Phenolic containing in olive oil, where fatty acid such as triglycerols or triglycerides that saturated and non-saturated acid consisting of two variants, namely oleic acid and linoleic acid and could be liquid in normal temperature. There are two kinds of Saturated fatty acids namely Palmitic acid and Stearic acid and these two acids could be solidified in normal temperature, the fatty acid in olive oil could inhibit leukocytes and the activity of platelets to proliferate blood vessel muscles (Valenzuela et al, 2019). Vitamin E in Olive Oil functions as an anti-oxidant and stimulates immunological response so it can improve the immune system and could reduce infection, as it functions as an anti-oxidant, Vitamin E plays important role in maintaining role skin (Mondal et al, 2015).…”