Effectiveness and Safety of Balloon Dilation of the Papilla and the Use of an Occlusion Balloon for Clearance of Bile Duct Calculi

Abstract

Percutaneous bile duct stone clearance by dilation of the papilla and evacuation of the stones in an antegrade fashion with an occlusion balloon is a safe and effective technique. It can be an alternative to basketing stones in selected patients.

Percutaneous Transhepatic Removal of Bile Duct Stones: Results of 261 Patients

“…A number of modalities including laparoscopic surgery, open surgery, and endoscopic and percutaneous techniques are available for the treatment of bile duct stones [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Surgical CBD exploration was the procedure of the choice for the treatment of bile duct stones a few decades ago.…”

“…It can be unsuccessful because of a duodenal diverticulum, duodenal stenosis, ampullar stenosis, unusual biliary anatomy and previous gastrointestinal surgery such as Billroth II reconstruction and bilioenteric anastomosis, and in the presence of the stones larger than 15 mm in diameter and intrahepatic stones, or it may be contraindicated in elderly patients with poor condition [6][7][8][9][10]. In such cases, percutaneous transhepatic approach is indicated and remains an alternative treatment for stone removal [6,7,[9][10][11][12].…”

“…Common bile duct (CBD) stones may occur in up to [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].7% of all cholecystectomy patients [1,2]. Hepatolithiasis is a rare disease of the intrahepatic bile ducts; it is endemic in East Asia but is now occasionally recognized in Western societies [3,4].…”

“…However, it is difficult or impossible to perform endoscopic procedure when biliary duct cannot be accessed because of a duodenal diverticulum or previous gastrointestinal surgery, and in the presence of the large and impacted stones, and stones situated in the intrahepatic bile ducts [6][7][8][9][10]. In such cases, percutaneous transhepatic stone removal is another important technique in the nonoperative management of bile duct stones [6,[9][10][11][12]. We present our experience in the percutaneous expulsion of bile duct stones into the duodenum through the papilla of Vater in 261 symptomatic patients.…”

Percutaneous management of bile duct stones in children: results of 12 cases

“…In such cases, percutaneous transhepatic stone removal is an alternative method for the management of CBD stones. Although high success rates of percutaneous transhepatic biliary stone removal have been reported in adult populations (18)(19)(20), there have been no studies about percutaneous bile duct stone removal in children. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary procedures are often challenging in children, particularly in newborn, due to the small size of bile ducts.…”