Effectiveness and repeatability of eye-tracking-based test in strabismus measurement of children

Zou, Leilei; Tian, Tian; Wygnanski–Jaffe, Tamara; Yehezkel, Oren; Wang, Shu; Moshkovitz, Avital; Sun, Xuwu; Liu, Hong; Li, Rui

doi:10.1080/08820538.2021.2002918

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Researchers around the world are working to develop new devices for more accurate and prompt diagnosis of strabismic disease (7,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Numerous scientific articles report methods for estimating strabismus angles based on analysis of reflections on the pupil area, reflections from the cornea and deeper layers, and those based on the shape of the pupil in camera images.…”

Section: Scientific Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Usability of the Innovative Strabiscan Device for Automatic Strabismus Angle Measurement

Grudzińska¹,

Durajczyk²,

Grudziński³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Prismatic cover test (PCT) is a gold standard assessment of strabismus angle, however it has a significant number of disadvantages which are eliminated in Strabiscan device. Methods: Patients with strabismus (n = 30) and a group of healthy subjects (n = 30) were given a detailed history and underwent ophthalmologic examinations (best corrected visual acuity assessment, cycloplegic autorefractometry, biomicroscopic examination of anterior and posterior part of the eye). Each patient and healthy subjects were then subjected to the PCT, and then the presence of strabismus was detected, and its angle assessed using a Strabiscan demonstrator. Statistical analysis was done with Statistica software. Results: No statistically significant differences were noted in the measurements of strabismus angles made by the differing methods. Among the control group, using the Strabiscan demonstration device, low-angle latent strabismus ≤3PD was diagnosed in 83% of patients, and >3PD in 13% of patients. Those using the PCT, on the other hand, diagnosed latent strabismus ≤3PD in only 13% of patients, and latent strabismus with an angle >3PD in 13% of patients. Conclusion: The Strabiscan demonstration device provides quick and accurate assessment of the strabismus angle.

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Section: Scientific Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Usability of the Innovative Strabiscan Device for Automatic Strabismus Angle Measurement

Grudzińska¹,

Durajczyk²,

Grudziński³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…ET and VOG are currently used in various areas associated with visual functioning, including nystagmus, 6–8 oculomotricity, 9–14 contrast sensitivity, 15 visual acuity, 15 pupillography, 16 cyclotorsion, 17,18 and primarily for detecting and/or quantifying ocular misalignment, whether it be heterophoria 19–24 or heterotropia 25–52 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, various investigations have compared the measurement of strabismus using APCT and VOG, showing that both measurements are interchangeable due to the high precision of the technology. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] One of the VOG systems available is the GazeLab (BCN Innova, Barcelona, Spain). A study conducted by Narváez-Palazón et al 25 has already shown good reliability and validity in the measurement of horizontal heterophoria, but there is no research on this system that evaluates its accuracy in measuring tropias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Analysis of Strabismus Measurement Using a Video Oculagraphy System and Alternate Prism Cover Test

Cantó-Cerdán,

Martínez-Abad,

Siverio-Colomina

et al. 2023

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare distance vision measurements obtained with video oculography (VOG) and an alternate prism cover test (APCT). Design: Single-center, retrospective, and cross-sectional. Methods: Eighty-seven subjects with strabismus were included. All patients underwent an optometric examination. The measurement of strabismus in distance vision was performed with the best optical correction using the APCT and the VOG GazeLab. Subjects were divided according to the type of strabismus; 41 were esotropic and 46 were exotropic. Results: The general comparison of APCT and VOG showed a mean difference of 0.60±2.74 prism diopters (Δ), not observing statistical differences between both methods (P=0.059) and presenting a correlation of 0.976 (P<0.001). Using APCT, the mean amount of esotropia for the group was 18.31±11.64 Δ and that of exotropia was 19.62±8.80 Δ. Compared with the VOG, the mean value of esotropia for the group was 18.65±11.65 Δ and that of exotropia was 19.48±8.62 Δ. The means are statistically different for the esotropia group (P=0.005) but not for the exotropia group (P=0.318). There was a high direct correlation between the methods of measurement for both the esotropic (R=0.980; P<0.001) and exotropic patients (R=0.975; P<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis shows a mean difference of 1.37±2.76 Δ for the esotropia patients and 0.31±2.66 Δ for the exotropic patients, respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrated comparable results in measuring strabismus between VOG and APTC for esotropia and exotropia, with an excellent correlation between both methods and good agreement, especially in subjects with exotropia.

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“…Eye trackers are non-invasive devices that capture and analyze eye movements, providing insight into the visual and oculomotor systems. In recent years, eye tracking technology has been employed in numerous ophthalmological applications, from monitoring and diagnosing ocular disorders to enhancing surgical outcomes and devising new diagnostic tools [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of stereopsis thresholds measured with conventional methods and a new eye tracking method

Liu,

Yu,

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Purpose Stereopsis is the ability to perceive depth using the slightly different views from two eyes. This study aims to conduct innovative stereopsis tests using the objective data outputted by eye tracking technology. Methods A laptop and an eye tracker were used to establish the test system. Anaglyphic glasses were employed to execute the stereopsis assessment. The test symbol employed was devised to emulate the quantitative measurement component of the Random Dot 3 Stereo Acuity Test. Sub-pixel technology was used to increase the disparity accuracy of test pages. The tested disparities were: 160″, 100″, 63″, 50″, 40″, 32″, 25″, 20″, 16″, and 12.5″. The test was conducted at a distance of 0.65m. Conventional and eye tracking stereopsis assessments were conducted on 120 subjects. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to test the difference, while the Bland-Altman method was used to test the consistency between the two methods. Results The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed no significant difference between conventional and eye tracking thresholds of stereopsis (Z = −1.497, P = 0.134). There was a high level of agreement between the two methods using Bland- Altman statistical analysis (The 95 per cent limits of agreement were −0.40 to 0.47 log arcsec). Conclusions Stereoacuity can be evaluated utilizing an innovative stereopsis measurement system grounded in eye tracking technology.

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Effectiveness and repeatability of eye-tracking-based test in strabismus measurement of children

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluation of the Usability of the Innovative Strabiscan Device for Automatic Strabismus Angle Measurement

Evaluation of the Usability of the Innovative Strabiscan Device for Automatic Strabismus Angle Measurement

Comparative Analysis of Strabismus Measurement Using a Video Oculagraphy System and Alternate Prism Cover Test

Comparison of stereopsis thresholds measured with conventional methods and a new eye tracking method

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