Effectiveness and acceptability of the sYmptothermal method of natural family planning in Germany

Frank‐Herrmann, Petra; Freundl, Günter; Baur, Siegfried; Bremme, M.; Döring, Gerd; Godehardt, Erhard; Sottong, Ursula

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(11)90580-8

Cited by 41 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Most of these intercourse episodes are located at the beginning or at the end of the fertile phase, which indicates that the risk-taking happens consciously. For this reason we find good Pearl Indices for the effectiveness figures in this study group [2]. It is surprising, also, that the mixers occasionally take risks by having unprotected intercourse in the fertile phase.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

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Sexual behavior of natural family planning users in Germany and its changes over time

et al. 1995

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For 10 years, a prospective study has been taking place in Germany to examine the use of natural family planning (NFP). As natural methods are behavioral methods, use-effectiveness, acceptability and continuation rates are very much influenced by patterns of sexual behavior. Therefore we performed an analysis of the sexual behavior of NFP users. Out of the data base of 1211 clients and 12,591 cycles we could identify a group of 300 women, all NFP beginners, with 5900 contraceptive cycles, who contributed at least 12 cycles with reliable recording of their sexual activity. Different groups were analyzed with methods of analysis of variance and regression models to find out significant differences in their sexual behavior with respect to sociodemographic structure and time of use. Nearly half of all the women systematically combine the fertility awareness part of NFP with other family planning methods. They use barriers in more than 60% of their cycles. The other half never or only in about 7% of their cycles use additional barrier methods. The latter show a clear decrease in barrier use in the course of time, whereas the frequent barrier users constantly combine the advantages of two family planning methods. Regarding the frequency of intercourse they are the sexually more active ones and show distinct sociodemographic characteristics. We could confirm the existence of three groups of NFP users, which differ significantly in their use of NFP as a family planning method. Despite these differences the low pregnancy rates indicate the conscious and risk-related sexual behavior of the group members.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Numerous prospective studies on method-and use-effectiveness of NFP have been published [1,2,[4][5][6]11,12,16,18]. We stress the necessity that effectiveness figures as well as psychological investigations must recognize the existence of NFP user groups that differ very much in their sexual behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual behavior of natural family planning users in Germany and its changes over time

et al. 1995

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“…5,12 Poverty may be a significant motivator for successful FABM use because the cost of raising a child is high and access to conventional contraceptives is limited. 48 However, studies in the United Kingdom, Italy, and Germany report similarly low rates of pregnancy, [13][14][15][16] even in younger unmarried populations. 19 Some international studies have also included women of diverse religions (including Hindus, Muslims, and Buddhists); races; and socioeconomic status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,26 The method has a 0.4% pregnancy rate when used as described. 4,14 Typical-use unplanned pregnancy rates have been reported as low as 1% to 3% in Europe and India. 7,[12][13][14][15][16]19,20 However, unplanned pregnancy rates as high as 13% to 20% have also been reported for typical users of the Symptothermal Method.…”

Section: Symptothermal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,14 Typical-use unplanned pregnancy rates have been reported as low as 1% to 3% in Europe and India. 7,[12][13][14][15][16]19,20 However, unplanned pregnancy rates as high as 13% to 20% have also been reported for typical users of the Symptothermal Method. 4 Critics warn that combining signs and symptoms can overestimate the fertile phases by a couple of days or more.…”

Section: Symptothermal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fertility Awareness-Based Methods: Another Option for Family Planning

Pallone

Bergus

2009

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) of family planning are methods that use physical signs and symptoms that change with hormone fluctuations throughout a woman's menstrual cycle to predict a woman's fertility. The unifying theme of FABMs is that a woman can reduce her chance of pregnancy by abstaining from coitus or using barrier methods during times of fertility. Natural family planning (NFP) is a subset of FABMs that specifically excludes concurrent use of all other forms of contraception, including barriers, as a supplement to the observation for fertile signs; pregnancy is avoided through abstinence alone.

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Behavioral Methods of Contraception

Russo

Nelson

The Handbook of Contraception

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Effectiveness and acceptability of the sYmptothermal method of natural family planning in Germany

Cited by 41 publications

References 1 publication

Sexual behavior of natural family planning users in Germany and its changes over time

Sexual behavior of natural family planning users in Germany and its changes over time

Fertility Awareness-Based Methods: Another Option for Family Planning

Behavioral Methods of Contraception

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