Effective use of microbial biomass products to facilitate the complete replacement of fishery resources in diets for the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon

Abstract

A series of experiments were conducted with black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) juveniles to firstly determine the effects of reducing fishmeal inclusion in a diet and then to evaluate the potential for a microbial bioactive to support complete replacement of both fishmeal and fish oil in feeds when fed under clear-water and green-water conditions. The isoproteic and isoenergetic replacement of fishmeal resulted in a consistent decline in growth performance indicating that at every decrease in fishmeal below an inclusion level of 45% there was a decline in performance. In a subsequent trial undertaken in a clear-water tank system diets devoid of both fishmeal and fish oil fed to shrimp were demonstrated to produce poorer performance than a fishmeal and fish oil reference diet. However the addition of a microbial bioactive to the diet resulted in not only a compensation for the replacement of these ingredients but additional growth. Replication of the clear-water trial in a green-water tank system produced similar results, but also showed that the green-water system largely compensated for the performance lost through replacement of fishmeal and fish oil. However it was also shown that the use of the microbial bioactive in the diets still resulted in improved growth performance of shrimp. This study has effectively demonstrated a viable strategy for not only a complete replacement of all fishery products in shrimp diets, but an improved performance strategy.

Nutritional contribution of fish meal and microalgal biomass produced from two endemic microalgae to the growth of shrimp Penaeus vannamei

“…It is important to consider that the higher growth rate elicited by diet 95FM/5SC cannot be attributed only to the dietary nitrogen supplied by SC, but also to a potential effect of the microalgae promoting the efficient use of other nutrients supplied by FM. The latter effect has been proposed by Glencross et al (2014) after using low levels of microbial biomass in aquaculture diets. Diet 90FM/10GR supplied higher amounts of dietary nitrogen than the other mixed diets although in similar proportions than those established in the formulated diets.…”

“…In the present study, it was observed that addition of 5 and 10% of the microalgal biomass of both species elicited similar or higher growth as the use of FM alone. Glencross et al (2014) recently reported that even small dietary levels of microbial biomass (in this case bacterial) frequently cause positive results in terms of shrimp growth and survival. Authors consider that the microbial biomass contains molecules that facilitate the physiological use of other nutrients.…”

The effects of adding microbial biomass to grow-out and maturation feeds on the reproductive performance of black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon

“…The growth promoting effects of MB on shrimp have been reported in a number of studies (Burford et al, 2004;Glencross et al, 2013;Glencross et al, 2014;Glencross et al, 2015;Kuhn et al, 2008;Kuhn et al, 2009). Nutritional studies have demonstrated that the growth enhancing effects of bioactive products derived from MB are critically dependent on meeting the overall nutritional demands of shrimp (Glencross et al, 2013;Glencross et al, 2014).…”

“…These include superior growth and feed utilization (Glencross et al, 2013;Glencross et al, 2014), increased harvest yields (Preston et al, 2009) and increased viral tolerance (Sellars et al, 2015). Despite these improvements, the reproductive performance of domesticated broodstock remains inferior when compared with wild-caught broodstock Coman et al, 2006;Menasveta et al, 1993;Peixoto et al, 2005).…”

“…The purpose of the current study was to assess the effects of including the MB derived bioactive product Novacq™ (Patent #2008201886), within the pelleted diets of domesticated P. monodon. Produced by manipulating marine bacteria and microalgae processes, Novacq™ has previously been demonstrated to improve growth, feed conversion efficiencies and viral tolerance within juvenile shrimp (Glencross et al, 2013;Glencross et al, 2014;Glencross et al, 2015;Sellars et al, 2015). The effect of MB (Novacq™) supplementation on reproductive performance during a 7 month grow-out phase and the subsequent 3 month maturation phase, which included a conditioning period (i.e., acclimation phase (21 days), preconditioning phase (28 days)) and reproductive performance period (40 days), was assessed.…”