Effective Processing of Radar Data for Bridge Damage Detection

Abstract

This paper presents the practical results of the evaluation of the data obtained by using ground-based radar interferometer during measurements carried out on bridge structures. Due to the nature of the objects studied, the authors proposed a comprehensive method of data analysis, which identifies whether the passage of the vehicle did not damage the bridge. The effective use of vehicles as a source of bridge excitation allowed us to first develop a method for determining the damping parameters resistant to potentially occurring beating frequencies. As a result, it is possible to determine these subsets of data registered with radar, for which it is possible to assume compliance with linear systems. This type of data, often omitted in other works, forms the basis for the second important element of the research—an algorithm based on the ARMA model supporting defect detection. The optimization of the performed calculations, in particular the proposed optimal ARMA model order, the method of fault identification based on the DSF parameter, or fault identification based on a nonmetrical Cook’s distance leads to a robust and scalable method. The method’s low computational complexity allows for implementation in real-time solutions. In addition, the distribution of errors and the sensitivity of classifiers based on the DSF parameter and Cook’s distances leaving them will enable the automation of the classification process using machine learning. The proposed method is universal; in particular, it can be used for radar interferometry methods because it is resistant to potentially variable environmental conditions.

Time-Series Analysis on Persistent Scatter-Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) Derived Displacements of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge (HZMB) from Sentinel-1A Observations

“…The SAR interferometry (InSAR) technique has been developed for more than three decades, and it can be used to obtain terrain movement over a large area in a short time. Therefore, InSAR, especially multi-temporal (MT)-InSAR [9][10][11], has been proposed for long-term deformation monitoring of bridges in several previous studies [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], and meanwhile, this application is greatly benefited from the large volume of datasets from satellites, such as Envisat, Sentinel-1, COSMO-SkyMed and TerraSAR.…”

“…In the field of infrastructure monitoring, the spaceborne InSAR technique has been gaining more and more popularity [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]; it has been reported to be applicable and effective in monitoring bridges more than once. For instance, Sousa and Basto reported that a deformation rate of about 20 mm/year had occurred before the collapse of a bridge in Italy, demonstrating the potential of MT-InSAR techniques for deformation detection in bridges [12].…”

Vibration Fracture Mechanism and Optimization Design of Array Power Supply for Near-Space SAR

“…ere is no influence of meteorological cloud and rain and also the air flow is stable in the near-space airspace (20-100 km above the Earth) which is conducive to the movement of high-speed aircraft and floating slow platform [1][2][3]. erefore, with the advantages of higher mobility, shorter preparation period, stronger penetration ability, and richer task modes, near-space vehicles can be used for dynamic observations in specific regions of the world for the purpose of terrestrial environment and disaster monitoring, large-area security surveillance, real-time battlefield monitoring, and accurate strikes [4][5][6][7]. Near-space synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is the "eyes" of near-space vehicles for the communication, detection, and guidance functions, and its research is still in the theoretical stage [8].…”